EP-1对内蒙古阿拉善荒漠区啮齿动物优势种群不育控制作用地研究.pdfVIP

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EP-1对内蒙古阿拉善荒漠区啮齿动物优势种群不育控制作用地研究.pdf

摘 要 2011 年 3 ~ 10 月,在内蒙古阿拉善荒漠区,利用复合不育剂 EP-1 (左炔诺孕 酮-炔雌醚),采用春季一次性投饵的方法,对啮齿动物优势鼠种群的不育控制作用 进行了研究。结果表明: (1)EP-1 不育剂对雄性优势鼠种繁殖的影响为,雄鼠的睾丸下降率减小、明显 萎缩、重量下降。其中 4 ~ 5 月子午沙鼠 (Meriones meridianus )和三趾跳鼠 (Dipus sagitta )的生殖器官与对照区差异极显著(P 0.01 ),2 个月后基本恢复;小毛足 鼠 (Phodopus roborovskii )睾丸重量下降(P 0.05 ),持续时间5 个月以上。 (2 )EP-1 不育剂对雌性优势鼠种繁殖的影响为,雌鼠子宫明显水肿,外壁变薄, 呈半透明状,子宫腔内充满液体,子宫体积变大,子宫的形态发生改变;同时不育 剂显著降低了优势鼠种的平均胎仔数(P 0.05 )。 (3 )EP-1 不育剂干扰了啮齿动物优势种群的数量增长规律。对照区优势种群的 消长曲线均呈明显双峰型,而投药区优势种群总体数量呈单峰型下降趋势。其中投 药区子午沙鼠种群的繁殖高峰期种群数量均显著低于对照区(P 0.05 );8 ~ 9 月投 药区小毛足鼠种群数量显著低于对照区(P = 0.05 );4 ~ 5 月投药区三趾跳鼠种群数 量显著低于对照区(P 0.05 )。 (4 )EP-1 不育剂改变了啮齿动物优势种群全年的年龄结构。取食不育剂后连续 3 个月,种群年龄结构发生明显变化。4 ~ 6 月小毛足鼠幼体比例显著低于对照区(P 0.05 ),同时投药区啮齿动物优势种幼体均在 8、9 月出现;子午沙鼠和小毛足鼠 全年成体所占比例显著高于对照区(p 0.05 )。 关键词:不育剂;啮齿动物;种群动态;种群结构;荒漠 Effects of Sterility Controlling on Dominant Rodents Wild Populations in Alashan Desert of Inner Mongolia Abstract From March to October in 2011, we used EP-1 (levonorgestrel-quinestrol ), the compound sterility mixture, controlling contrast experiments on dominant rodents wild populations by single baiting with EP- 1 in spring in Alashan Desert, Inner Mongolia. The results showed: (1) In the treatment area, the weight and size of reproductive organs for males were obvious atrophy and lighten, and the down rates of testicles were decreased. Compared with the control area, the reproductive organs of Meriones meridianus and Dipus sagitta were extremely different (P 0.0 1), and recovered the average level after the third months. However the weight of Phodopus roborovskii ’s testicle were lower than those of the control area (P 0.05), and the fertility control was sustained for a long duration. (2) In the treatment area, the females’ uteru

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