Regressionline.pptVIP

The Regression Effect As part of their training, air force pilots make practice landings with instructors, and are rated on performance The instructors discuss the ratings with the pilots after each landing Statistical analysis shows that pilots who make poor landings the first time tend to do better the second time Conversely, pilots who make good landings the first time tend to do worse the second time The Regression Effect The conclusion is that criticism helps the pilots while praise makes them do worse As a result, instructors were ordered to criticize all landings, good or bad Was this warranted by the facts? No. This is an example of regression fallacy. The Regression Effect An instructor gives a midterm She asks the students who score 20 points below average to see her regularly during her office hours for special tutoring They all score at class average or above on the final Can this improvement be attributed to the regression effect? Why/why not? No. If it was only the regression effect, most of the students still would have scored below average. The fact that everyone in the tutoring group scored above average indicated that the tutoring had the proper effect. A Second Regression Line The focus so far has been on the regression line from X to Y Note, however, that there is also a regression line from Y to X What would the difference between the two lines be? The regression line from X to Y is given by zY = rzX, while the regression line from Y to X is given by zX = rzY A Second Regression Line A study of 1,000 families gives the following The husbands’ average height was 68 inches with an SD of 2.7 inches The wives’ average height was 63 inches with an SD of 2.5 inches The correlation between them was 0.25 Predict and give the RMS error for the husband’s height when his wife’s height is 68 inches 69.35 inches, give or take 2.61 inches A Second Regression Line A study of 1,000 families gives the following The husbands’ average height was 68 in