shm.ppt-Moodle.pptVIP

Springs Simple Harmonic Motion A bird on a perch can put itself into a periodic oscillation. An oscillation is a back and forth motion over the same path. It is said to be periodic if each cycle of the motion takes place in equal periods of time. Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) can be described as a projection of circular motion on one axis. SHM and Circular Motion An object moving with constant speed in a circular path observed from a distant point will appear to be oscillating with simple harmonic motion. The shadow of a pendulum bob moves with s.h.m. when the pendulum itself is either oscillating or moving in a circle with constant speed. SHM and Circular Motion For any SHM there is a corresponding circular motion. the radius of the circle is equal to the amplitude of the SHM? the time period of the circular motion is equal to the time period of the SHM The relationship of circular motion and SHM is SHM and Circular Motion Rearranging, ? Recall, therefore The constant of proportionality between acceleration and displacement for an object moving with s.h.m. is equal to the square of the angular velocity of the corresponding circular motion. So, to find the value of the constant for a given oscillation, we?simply measure the time period and then use the relation Spring Review Hooke’s Law Fs=restoring force of a spring k = spring constant x = displacement of the spring The friction free motion shown above is known as Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) Spring Review SHM graph Sinusoidal motion max. stretching distance (x) from the equilibrium position is equal to the amplitude of the graph. SHM and Circular Motion SHM has displacement, velocity and acceleration. Displacement: SHM and Circular Motion Period (T) – time required to complete one cycle. Recall, for 1 cycle Therefore, Frequency (f) – number of cycles per second Units – Hertz (Hz) SHM Terms SHM and Circular Motion Velocity Velocity of the shadow is the vx of vT. Recall