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From the above attenuation co-efficient graph, when the defect size increases the attenuation co-efficient also decreases. It indicates that the amount of energy scattered from the test piece decreases. Therefore, the attenuation co-efficient is indicator for the amount energy transmitted from the test piece due to defect. RESULTS OF FREQUENCY-DOMAIN ANALYSIS The graphs amplitude Vs frequency given by MATLab software are given below Frequency graph for rough surface-location1 Frequency graph for rough surface-location 2 Frequency graph for 8mm hole Frequency graph for 6.5mm hole Frequency graph for 5mm hole Frequency graph for 4mm hole From the the frequency ranges between 0.5 to 5 MHz which are inspected for rough surface. While from the other graphs the frequency ranges between 2.5MHz to 5 MHz which are inspected with holes of sizes 8, 6.5, 5 and 4mm. The wide frequency range (0.5 to 5MHz) for rough surface is due to surface integrity on the surface. The signals are scattered much from the rough surface so there is a wide range of frequency. CONCLUSION When the defect size increases the amplitude of the output signal also increases. For the same defect size, the reflected signal amplitude will vary according to the changes in roughness. Therefore, roughness is affecting the ultrasound wave transmitted through the test piece. Hence, measurement of roughness of the test piece is possible. Attenuation co-efficient decreases with the increase defect size. In frequency domain analysis, the frequency range for rough surface is wider than the defect area. So this concept helps to identify the rough surface from defect area An effective and sensitive online inspection setup can be proposed for roughness measurement and defect location. Further it can save time, money and improve the quality of the resultant product THE EFFECT OF SUBSURFACE DEFECTS ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS INSPECTION THROUGH ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE OBJECTIVE To study the effect of sub surface de