果树修剪英文版.ppt

D. Maintain Productivity Maintain light distribution in canopy Remove unproductive wood Maintain good vegetative/fruit balance Maintain Productivity: Maintain light distribution in canopy Only sun-exposed areas produce quality fruit Limit canopy depth to 1.0 m. Control tree size Unless control tree size the fruit moves up every year Lower part of tree will be shaded Maintain Productivity: Remove Unproductive Wood Fruiting wood which hangs down Fruiting wood which is shaded Water sprouts and root suckers Diseased or damaged wood Weak or thin wood Maintain Productivity: Remove Unproductive Wood Remove weak or thin wood Maintain Productivity: Remove Unproductive Wood Remove weak or thin wood  Maintain Productivity: Maintain good vegetative:fruit balance Thin out excessively vigorous vegetative growth during summer Allows light into center of tree Maintain Productivity: Maintain good vegetative/fruit balance Remove excessive fruiting wood In peaches - remove 40-60% of new fruiting wood each year Conclusions:How should you train your trees? Many approaches work Open center is most common for peaches Central leader is most common for pome fruit Find a program that works and stick to it Conclusions:How should you train your trees? Keep in mind the four objectives Establish a strong tree framework Facilitate management of tree and crop Harvest sunlight efficiently Maintain productivity by balanced renewal Tools used in Tree Training Manipulation of apical dominance Controlled by the plant hormone auxin Produced by actively growing shoots Moves down the branch with gravity Effects of auxin Inhibits lateral bud break Inhibits lateral shoot growth Affects branch angle PruningRemove the Source of Auxin Heading Cut Remove part of the branch Stimulate bud break near cut Stimulate localized branching PruningRemove the Source of Auxin Thinning cut Remove branch at point of origin Least invigorating cut Promote light penetration into canopy Maintenance pruning