马铃薯离体块繁的实践与应用.ppt

园艺植物离体繁殖 月季培养腋芽萌发 马铃薯脱毒及快速繁殖 马铃薯生物学特性 马铃薯病毒的种类 热处理脱毒 脱毒：室内发芽，热处理(38℃) 2 周； 茎尖培养脱毒原理 1.染病植株体内病毒的分布不均匀，越靠近茎顶的感染越轻，生长点（约0.1－0.5）几乎不含或含病毒很少。原因是无维管束，病毒只能通过胞间连丝传递，不及细胞不断分裂和生长的速度。因此可利用微茎尖培养脱毒种苗。 2.茎尖大小与脱毒效果成反比。 Discussions Establishment of aseptic cultures in vitro ? Medium ? Culture environment conditions? 病毒植物的鉴定 Discussions Medium ? Culture environment conditions? Axillary bud formation Discussions Medium ? Culture environment conditions? 培养条件 马铃薯试管种快繁 MS+0.2BA + 10mg D-泛酸钙 +3%蔗糖； MS + 3% sugar + 0.01% C; 20-25℃，3000-4000LX，14-16hr光照； 每3周继代一次，单芽茎段约1厘米； 原则试管苗用2年—3年。 马铃薯继代培养基： After culturing for 3-4 weeks, elongated shoots are transferred to multiplication medium Stage 2 4 weeks 分割移植 ×3 ×6 Principle of multiplicationNodal proliferation， Axillary bud formationOne nodal cutting one plant，high genetics，simple operation, higher survival ex-vitro，but lower multiplication rate at beginning. ×6 ×3 6 shoots 6 shoots Nodal cuttings CUT CUT Restrain top-bud growth, enhance formations of axilary buds High genetics，simple operation Axillary branching Next explant CUT Principle of multiplication Young shoots or bud grown on a appropriate culture medium become cluster shoots. Higher multiplication rate with higher mutation when high phytohormone used. Shoot proliferation Elongation and rooting 3 stage Shoot elongation Rooting Elongation medium Rooting medium Stage 3 A. Shoot elongationB. Root induction development MS+NAA0.2+D-泛酸钙10mg +3%蔗糖； MS (surge-free medium); 20-25℃，3000-4000LX，14-16hr光照； 每3周继代一次，单芽茎段约1厘米； 原则试管苗用2年—3年。 马铃薯生根培养： Stage 3 Stage 4 へ 4 weeks 発根する Rooting mediumFull strength MS mediumIBA 0.5 mg L-1 vermiculite 100ml/vessel 伸長したシュート 　　　　　At this stage, rooted plantlets are transferred to a cell tray and grown under 60% shaded and high RH conditions for 7 to 10 days to acclimatize Acclimatization are usually attained in 2 to 3 weeks Acclimatization Acclimatization 4 stage From in vitro environment to ex vitro environment Fro