现代制造技术环境下成本计算--作业成本计算.pdf

现代制造技术环境下成本计算--作业成本计算.pdf

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Abstract Fundamentalchangesinmanufacturingtechnologyoverthelastdecadehavegeneratedanew manufacturingenvironmentwithmoreemphasisonproductquality,shorterthroughputtimes,andes- pecially,anincreasedflexibilityinusingavailablemanufacturingcapacityandindiversifyingproduc- tionprograms.Inordertoimprovetheircompetitiveadvantagecompanieshaveimplemented n‘ew manufacturingmethods.Manyoftheserequiretechnicalchangesinthefactory,suchasadvanced manufacturingtechnology(AMT),computer一aideddesign(CAD),compute:一aidedmanufacturing (CAM),andcomputer一integratedmanufacturing(CIM)etc.. Conventionalapproachestoproductandservicecostinghavebeensubjecttosustainedandvaried criticisminrecentyears.Keylimitationspointedbycriticshaveincludedthelackofvisibilitygivento increasinglyimportantareasofresourceconsumption,thesystematicdistortionofproductcostscaused bytheperpetuationofconvenientbutinappropriatevolume一basedmethodsofproductionoverheadab- sorption,theneglectapparentinthedevelopmentofsuitablemeansofunitingnon一productionover- heads,thelackofcostingdataavailabilityatthepre一productionstagesintheproductlifecycleetc. Againstthisbackground,activity一basedcosting(ABC)hasemergedduringthelastdecadeas onemeansofaddressingtheseshortcomings.AnABCsystemachievesimprovedaccuracyinestimation ofcostsbyusingmultiplecostdriverstotracethecostofactivitytotheproductsassociatedwiththe resourcesconsumedbythoseactivities Thispapersstudiesarebasedonthe.impactofchangesinmanufacturingtechnologyoncosting systems,includingthesetopics: 1.Theimpactofchangesinmanufacturingtechnologyoncostingsystems 2.WhyABCwillbeusedinsteadofConventionalapproaches? 3.WhatsthebesttimetouseABC? 4-HowcanwedesignABC? 5.MyideaabouttheusingofABC Keywords:activity一basedcosting;costdrivers;resourcedrivers;costpool;appropriatecost system 1 魂日

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