窄间隙焊缝跟踪弧传感技术研究.pdfVIP

中文摘要 窄间隙焊缝跟踪电弧传感技术研究 摘 要 窄间隙电弧焊是一种适用于大厚板的高效、高质量焊接工艺，在国内船舶、机械 等制造业中应用前景广阔。为了推广应用这种高效焊接方法，提高窄间隙电弧焊接质 量与自动化水平，目前迫切需要解决焊缝跟踪问题。 本文在分析窄间隙焊及其焊缝跟踪技术现状的基础上，讨论了电弧传感器的工作 原理，针对高速旋转电弧焊接工艺，提出了一种窄间隙焊缝偏差电弧传感检测方法， 设计了电弧旋转位置光电检测装置，在不同的焊缝偏差、旋转频率和焊接坡口条件下 进行了焊接试验，并借助 MATLAB 软件平台对采集的电弧电流与电压数字信号进行 了处理与分析。试验结果表明，所设计的旋转电弧焊缝跟踪传感装置工作可靠，积分 差值法是一种从电弧电信号中提取焊缝偏差信息的实用有效方法。 另外，本文还建立了一种窄间隙旋转电弧传感器的数学模型，并通过 MATLAB 语言编程进行了数值仿真试验，分析了在不同焊缝偏差和旋转频率下焊炬高度、电弧 电信号随坡口位置的变化特征，实现了计算结果的图形化。理论计算与焊接试验结果 较为相符，说明所建模型具有实用性，对实际电弧传感器设计具有理论指导意义。 关键词：窄间隙电弧焊；电弧传感器；焊缝跟踪；信号采集；数学模型；仿真 I 英文摘要 Study of Arc Sensing Technology for NGW Seam Tracking Abstract Narrow gap welding (NGW) is a high efficiency and high quality process suitable for great thick plates, and thus has a vast vista of application in shipbuilding and machinery etc manufacturing industries. To spread this process and to improve its quality and automation level, it is very necessary currently to solve the technical problem of seam tracking. This paper introduces the current state of the NGW process and its seam tracking technology, and discusses the principle of arc sensor. Then, a new seam-deviation sensing and detecting approach was proposed for the high-speed rotation arc NGW process, and correspondingly a photoelectric device was designed to detect the position of arc rotation. Furthermore, a number of welding experiments were carried out under different seam deviations, rotation frequencies and groove conditions, and some processing and analyses were done on the Matlab platform for t