毕业设计（论文）_采用薄片整体电极进行窄缝电解加工的工艺试验研究.docVIP

摘 要 在航空航天、仪器仪表、精密模具和家用电器等领域中存在很多的微小窄缝、槽结构，且多以群窄缝、槽结构出现。用传统的机械加工方法很难同时加工出群窄缝、槽，目前人们一般采用微细电火花加工、激光加工、精密和超精密机械加工和电解加工等方法进行加工。相对其他几种加工方法电解加工具有很多优点，特别是电解加工可以同时加工出群窄缝、槽，且复制精度好，生产率较高，适合于群窄缝、槽的批量加工。 本文首先进行了窄缝电解加工的理论分析，分析加工间隙的影响和电极对流场的影响，通过分析可知，加工时的去除速度与电流效率和加工间隙有关，在保证加工精度的条件下，使用NaNO3电解液进行窄缝电解加工试验。 进行了电解加工试验装置的研制工作，在现有台式电火花机床的基础上进行设计与改进。为本机床配备了适用于电解加工的直流电源；使用步进电机细分驱动器，实现电解头的低速进给；根据阴极工具和阳极工件的相对位置和进给设计并加工了夹具；完成电解液循环系统的设计，该系统可以保证间隙电解液的充足；由于电解加工对温度的要求，设计了电解液温度控制系统，使电解加工试验可在一定的温度范围内进行。 测试电解加工试验装置的运行性能。使用管状电极打孔，分别在浓度为10%的NaCl和NaNO3电解液中进行测试，验证直流电解加工的基本工艺规律。使用反拷电解的方法进行电极的制备，并利用制备的电极进行窄缝电解工艺试验，但加工出的窄缝很浅，只有细微的纹路。 采用薄片整体电极进行窄缝电解加工的工艺试验研究，着重考察了电解液浓度和温度、加工电压、进给速度等加工参数对加工间隙和缝宽的影响，在厚度为0.5mm的不锈钢板上加工出了最小缝宽为0.31mm的窄缝。 关键词　窄缝；电解加工；试验装置；加工参数 Abstract There are many micro-grooves and slots in the instruments and appliances. And usually they are multi-grooves. It is hard to machine multi-grooves with the traditional machining. Electrochemical machining is the fittest method of machining grooves. Recently there are four main machining to machine grooves electrodischarge machining , laser machining , precision machining , ECM and so on. ECM has many merits compared with other machining methods. Multi-grooves are machined with ECM in the same time with high efficiency and copy precision. This paper presents a theoretic analysis of the influence of the electrode for the gap. According to the analysis this paper chooses to the whole slice electrode to accomplish the machining. A new experiment device is finished based on the existent EDM machine tool. Firstly the machine tool matches the direct power supply. This dissertation develops the feed system driven by stepping motor. The stepping motor is driven by the divided driver to feed in slow rate. The electrolyte cycle system and temperature control system are designed. Thus the experiment will be finished under the temperature control. This paper develops the device function test. The test validates the direct electrochemical technological law in