利用SSR分子记划分玉米自交系种质类群的研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 本文以引进的 91 份玉米自交系为材料，采用 SSR 分子标记技术进行遗传多样性 和杂种优势类群划分的研究。考虑出苗率、抗病、抗虫抗倒伏等因素，从 91 份引进 的玉米自交系中选取 30 份自交系作为田间试验材料，利用自交系的 10个性状的田间 调查结果进行方差分析和聚类分析。对形态学方法和 SSR 分子标记类群划分结果进行 了比较，主要结果如下： 1.从 20 对 SSR 引物中筛选出多态性较好的引物 6 对。这 6 对 SSR 引物在供试材 料中共检测出 35 个等位基因变异，每对引物检测出的等位基因数在 4—8 个之间， 平均为 5.8 个, 多态信息量变幅为 0.46-0.68，平均为 0.58；相异系数变化范围为 0.0605-1.089。 2.利用 SSR 标记，以 0.54 为阈值将供试 91 份玉米自交系划分为六大类群：第Ⅰ 类群 16份，第Ⅱ类群 19份，第Ⅲ类群 7 份，第Ⅳ类群 13份，第Ⅴ类群 24 份，第Ⅵ 类群 12份。 3.建立了一套优化的 SSR-PCR 体系。①：预变性 94℃，4min；②：变性 94℃， 1min；③：退火温度 55-65℃（以引物Tm 而定），1min；④：延伸 72℃，2min；⑤： 复延伸 72℃，10min；其中步骤 2-4 的循环数为 30-35，以材料而定。 4.根据自交系的 10 个田间性状的调查结果对 30 份材料进行聚类分析，以 3.5 为阈值将供试材料分为 6 个类群。 关键词：玉米自交系；SSR 分子标记；聚类分析；杂种优势群 Study on the heterotic group of maize inbred lines with SSR molecular markers technology Abstract Ninety one maize inbred lines in this paper were used to study their genetic diversity and divide heterotic group by SSR molecular marker technology. Based on seedling percentagy, bisness ressistance, 30 of 91 maize inbred lines were used for variance and cluster analysis associated with 10 field traits of these inbred lines. the heterotic group from agronomic was compared with that from SSR molecular maekers. The results were as follows: 1. Six pairs of SSR primers, which had better polymophic, were screened from 20 pairs of SSR primers. The variation of 35 alleles was found out by 6 pairs of SSR primers. Each pair of primers screened out 4-8 alleles, with the average of 5.8 alleles for every pair of primers. The range of polymorphism information contents were 0.46-0.68, their average value was 0.58. The Dissimilarity coefficient ranged from 0.0605 to 1.089. 2. Based on the SSR finger print, the 91 maize inbred lines were