温室黄瓜两种病菌对高温胁迫的应答.pdfVIP

摘 要 黄瓜是我国蔬菜栽培的重要物种之一，其栽培面积广泛，产量较高，是人民物质 生活的重要组成部分。灰霉病和霜霉病是当前严重危害我国设施蔬菜的两种病害，给 我国农民的生产生活带来严重危害。高温闷棚技术作为一项新型生物防治病害技术逐 步运用于设施栽培领域。本文通过对不同温度下灰霉病病原菌和霜霉病病原菌的孢子 萌发率，不同温度处理后灰霉病与霜霉病的病情指数，不同温度处理后感病植株的防 御酶活性以及几丁质酶活性进行了研究探讨，所得研究结果如下： 1、通过对灰霉病和霜霉病病原菌孢子萌发率的统计表明，高温不适宜这两种病 原菌的正常生长，55℃时霜霉病病原菌孢子不萌发。 2 、通过对不同温度处理后黄瓜灰霉病和霜霉病的病情指数进行统计结果可知， 这两种病的病情指数均与温度负相关，高温下两种病害扩散缓慢，即高温处理可以有 效抑制病害蔓延。 3、通过测定不同温度下感病植株的防御酶活性，试验结果表明提高温度可以显 著增加各类防御酶活性的提高，增强植株的抗性。 4 、不同温度处理后的感病植株的几丁质酶的活性测定结果表明，温度增加可以 提高几丁质酶活性，从而增强黄瓜抗真菌病害的能力。 关键词：灰霉病；霜霉病；高温 Relation of two pathogenic bacteria of greenhouse cucumber and temperature Abstract Cucumber is one of the important vegatable,its cultivated area is very large,output is higher than others,it is very important for person’s live.Botrytis and Downy mildew are serious disease for greenhouse cucumber in our country,and harm our live.High temperture could prevention and cure the disease of greenhouse vegatable.The study statistics the rate of spore germination of pathogenic bacteria in the different tempreture,disease index of the two disease in the different temperture,activity of defense enzymatic and chitinous substance enzymatic in different temperture. The results were as follow as: 1、Pathogenic bacteria didn’t grew as usual in the high temperture,spore of downy mildew didn ’t germinate. 2 、Disease index and temperture is negative correlation,the two disease spread are very slowly,so high temperture could restrain to spread to others. 3、The activity of defense enzymatic is enhance when the temperture increase,and resistance is also enhance. 4 、The activity of chitinous substance enzymatic is enhance when the temperture,and the antimycotic able of greenhouse cucumber is