两种披碱草属牧种子劣变的生理生化研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 加拿大披碱草(Elymus canadensis)和老芒麦(E. sibiricus)系禾本科小麦族披碱草 属的优良牧草，具有重要的饲用和生态价值。本试验以自然贮藏和人工老化两种条 件下的加拿大披碱草和老芒麦种子为研究材料，从发芽指标、酶活性及贮藏物质含 量等方面进行了分析研究。试验结果表明： (1) 随着两种牧草种子老化的加剧，种子的相对发芽率和相对发芽势整体上均 呈降低趋势。 (2) 两种牧草种子的电导率与种子活力相关性显著，可以作为评价种子活力的 指标。 (3) 两种牧草种子的丙二醛含量与种子活力相关性不显著，其含量不适合作为 评价二者质量和活力的指标。 (4)两种牧草种子的酶活性 （脱氢酶、酸性磷酸酯酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶 及超氧化物歧化酶）与种子活力均显著相关，老化使种子的代谢系统受到破坏，酶 活性指标可以较好的评价种子的活力及质量。 (5) 两种牧草种子内的四种贮藏物质（总糖、可溶性糖、氨基酸和蛋白质）的 含量与种子活力的相关性均不显著，这四个指标与种子质量及活力之间没有确定的 关系。 (6) 人工加速老化与自然贮藏条件对两种牧草种子各项指标的影响基本一致。 人工加速老化能在较短时间内较好的反映种子劣变的状况，预测种子的耐藏性和评 价种子的质量。 关键词：种子劣变；加拿大披碱草；老芒麦；生理生化特性 Studies on Physiology and Biochemistry in Seed Deterioration of Two Elymus Species Abstract Elymus canadensis and E. sibiricus are two species of eximious forage grasses which belong to Gramineae Triticeae Elymus and have important feeding and ecological value. Their seeds as materials were studied under natural and accelerated aging conditions.Their germination index,enzyme activity and the content of reserve substance were analyzed.The results as follows: 1 The relative germination rate and relative germination energy of seed declined as seed aging. 2 The conductivity of seed was observably correlated with seed vigour.It could be used as evaluation index of seed vigour. 3 The content of malondialdehyde was poorly correlated with seed vigour, it could not be used as index of seed vigour and quality. 4 The activity of enzymes (dehydrogenase,acid phosphoesterase,catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) have observably positive correlation with seed vigor. The metabolic system were breached as seed aging and the activity of enzymes could commendably evaluate seed quality and vitality.