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effects of plant species diversity, atmospheric [co2], and strongnstrong
Global Change Biology (2006) 12, 1400–1408, doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01177.x
Effects of plant species diversity, atmospheric [CO ], and
2
N addition on gross rates of inorganic N release from soil
organic matter
J A S O N B . W E S T *, S A R A H E . H O B B I E * and P E T E R B . R E I C H w
*Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA,
wDepartment of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
Abstract
A significant challenge in predicting terrestrial ecosystem response to global changes
comes from the relatively poor understanding of the processes that control pools and
fluxes of plant nutrients in soil. In addition, individual global changes are often studied
in isolation, despite the potential for interactive effects among them on ecosystem
processes. We studied the response of gross N mineralization and microbial respiration
after 6 years of application of three global change factors in a grassland field experiment
in central Minnesota (the BioCON experiment). BioCON is a factorial manipulation of
plant species diversity (1, 4, 9 and 16 prairie species), atmospheric [CO2] (ambient and
elevated: 560 lmol mol1), and N inputs (ambient and ambient 14 g N m2 yr1). We
hypothesized that gross N mineralization would increase with increasing levels of all
factors because of stimulated plant productivity and thus greater organic inputs to soils.
However, we also hypothesized that N addition would enhance, while elevated [CO2]
and greater diversity would temper, gro
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