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infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm).pdf

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infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (ntm)

Review Article Indian J Med Res 120, October 2004, pp 290-304 Infections due to non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) V.M. Katoch Central JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases (ICMR), Agra, India Received July 16, 2003 The membership list of genus mycobacterium is ever expanding and it has grown to 95 in year 2003. While leprosy and tuberculosis are specific diseases caused by mycobacteria, other members are usually saprophytes but can be opportunistic and at times deadly pathogens. These other mycobacteria are referred to as atypical mycobacteria, non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) or mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli (MOTT). These organisms can produce localized disease in the lungs, lymph glands, skin, wounds or bone. Occasionally they may produce disseminated disease. Of the more than 90 known species of NTM, about one third have been associated with disease in humans. The species causing human disease are : Mycobacterium avium , M. intracellulare , M. kansasii , M. paratuberculosis , M. scrofulaceum , M. simiae , M. habana , M. interjectum, M. xenopi , M. heckeshornense , M. szulgai , M. fortuitum, M. immunogenum , M. chelonae, M. marinum , M. genavense , M. haemophilum , M. celatum , M. conspicuum , M. malmoense , M. ulcerans , M. smegmatis , M. wolinskyi , M. goodii , M. thermoresistible , M. neoaurum , M. vaccae , M.palustre , M. elephantis, M. bohemicam and M. septicum . Isolation of these mycobacteria from representative specimens and their rapid identification is very important as the treatment strategy for tuberculosis and other mycobacterioses is different. S