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Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA)
Guidance for nursing staff
MRSA – key facts
MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is a strain of
Staphylococcus aureus which is resistant to methicillin and other
antibiotics.
So far, 16 epidemic strains of MRSA have been discovered but two
particular strains (clones 15 and 16) are thought to be more
transmissible than the others.
Staphylococcus aureus is an organism that colonises the skin,
particularly the nose, skin folds, hairline, perineum and navel. It
commonly survives in these areas without causing infection – a state
known as colonisation. A patient becomes clinically infected if the
organism invades the skin or deeper tissues and multiplies.
MRSA is prevalent in health care environments because individuals
tend to be older, sicker and weaker than the general population, which
heightens their vulnerability to infection through weakened immunity.
In addition, these environments involve a great many people living and
working together closely – perfect for transferring MRSA.
The symptoms of a person with MRSA vary depending on what part of
the body is infected. Common symptoms include redness, swelling and
tenderness at the site of infection. Sometimes, people may carry MRSA
without having any symptoms.
In order to reduce the spread of MRSA health care staff should ensure
that they wash their hands thoroughly between patients.
Note about language
The term ‘patient’ has been used throughout this text but this can also be
understood to mean client or resident.
This publication contains information, advice and guidance to help members of the RCN. It is
intended for use within the UK but readers are advised that practices may vary in each country
and outside the UK.
The information in this
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