从住房权角度思考我国的住房保障制度.pdfVIP

从住房权角度思考我国的住房保障制度 摘 要 自上世纪七十年代末，我国对住房福利分配制度进行改革探索开始， 经过三十多年的发展，我国房地产市场化、商品化程度不断成熟，大部 分人的住房问题得到解决，居民人均住房面积也得到大幅提高。住房商 品化发展在刺激经济增长的同时也带来了负面影响，住房价格在市场利 益的驱动下不断上涨，近几年尤其是大中型城市的房价已远远超过了普 通居民的承受能力，部分居民已无法通过市场来满足基本的住房需要。 住房问题从一个经济问题演变成了一个严峻的社会问题，人们对适当住 房的需求转化为了对住房权利的诉求。住房权是公民的基本权利，任何 公民都享有维持自身生存的最基本的住房权利，作为基本权利的住房权 已得到众多国际人权文件的承认，很多国家也将其作为宪法规定的公民 基本权利内容之一，并且制定相应法律明确政府在住房保障方面的责任。 我国至今没有将住房权写进宪法，也没有相关的法律规定，但是国家对 公民住房权的保障同样具有不可推卸的责任。住房保障制度是社会保障 制度不可缺少的部分，政府有义务建立起完善的住房保障体制来保障公 民的住房权。本文首先对住房权的内涵、住房权国际条约和国内外住房 权的立法现状进行分析；接着回顾了我国的住房制度历史发展过程，对 现行住房保障制度以及存在的问题进行分析；最后提出要解决我国的住 房问题，让不同收入阶层的公民都能住上负担得起的住房，归根结底要 从住房权的角度来重新思考、定位我国的住房保障体系。针对我国住房 保障存在的问题，提出通过健全我国法律体系、明确政府责任、制定科 学合理的保障形式以及借鉴国外先进经验等相应的具体措施，来完善我 国的住房保障制度。 关键词：住房权，基本权利，住房保障制度 PERSPECTIVE OF THE RIGHT TO HOUSING ON CHINA’S HOUSING SECURITY SYSTEM ABSTRACT Since the late seventies of last century,China started to reform the welfare housing system. After thirty years development,most of the housing problems have been solved, and the house area per capita has been highly increased. But the housing commercial oriental development also brought some negative effect even though it made economy quickly developed. The price of department keep in enhance because of interests. Specially house price of middle and large-scale city has already above the inheritance of the citizen these years, and some of the residents can’t fulfill the house requirement through housing market. Then housing problem has become a serious social problem from an economy problem. Needs for a suitable house has become a desire of a right. The right to housing is a basic right of human. It has been approved by many national human right documents, and many counti