浙江大学大学物理甲下 chapter 38.pptVIP

* Chapter 38 Maxwell’ Equations and Electromagnetic Waves Chapter 38 Maxwell’s Equations and Electromagnetic Waves 38-1 The Basic Equations of Electromagnetism Consider the similarities of electric and magnetic fields in their mathematical properties. Gauss’laws for electricity and magnetism are symmetrical for a region of space in which electric and magnetic fields exist but there are no charges or currents. Faraday’s law and Ampere’s law are not symmetrical for a closed path in this region. Is it possible that a varying electric field could set up a magnetic field? Yes it is! 38-2 Induced Magnetic Field and the Displacement Current Does Ampere’s law become invalid? generalization of Ampere’s law A changing electric field can produce a magnetic field. A beautiful example of the symmetry of nature. If we define as id, Displacement current Displacement Current* The displacement current in the gap equals the conduction current in the wires. The density of displacement current Quick Quiz-1 In an RC circuit, the capacitor begins to discharged. During the discharge, in the region of the space between the plates of the capacitor, there is (1) conduction current but no displacement current. (2) displacement current but no conduction current. (3) both conduction and displacement current. (4) no current of any type. Quick Quiz-2 The capacitor in an RC circuit begins to discharge. During the discharge, in the region of the space between the plates of the capacitor, there is (1) an electric field but no magnetic field. (2) a magnetic field but no electric field. (3) both electric and magnetic fields. (4) no fields of any type. 38-3 Maxwell’s Equations Name Equation Describes Crucial Experiment Gause’ law for electricity Charge and the electric field Gause’ law for magnetism Magnetic field Faraday’s law of induction Ampere’s law The electrical effect of a changing magnetic field The magnetic ef