翻译1_词量的增减.pptVIP

专业英语翻译 －词量的增减 英汉两种语言由于语法结构的差异，修辞手段的不同，在翻译过程中往往出现词量增补或减小的现象。 词量增减是翻译中常见的现象，也是一种必不可少的翻译技巧。 1 词量增加 增补英语中省略的词 某些句子结构须增加关联词语：逻辑加词，顺理成章；修辞加词，语气连贯 增加表示复数的词 对具有动作意义的抽象名词增译 补充概括性的词 The best conductor has the least resistance and the poorest the greatest. 　　 　 The device is also widely applied in automation for switching engines, for counting parts on a conveyer belt, for various systems of emergency signals, for the reproduction of sound in cinematograph, for reading the sound track and so on. 　 cinematograph：电影放映机 增加表示复数的词 The first electronic computers used vacuum tubes and other components, and this made the equipment very large and bulky. However, in spite of all this similarity between a voltmeter and an ammeter there are also important differences. 　 bulky：体积大的 具有动作意义的抽象名词的增译 This lack of resistance in very cold metals may become useful in electronic computers. The cost of such a power plant is a relatively small portion of the total cost of the development. 　 增加关联词语 Heated, water will change into vapour. 　 White or shining surfaces reflect heat, dark surfaces absorb it. 　 逻辑加词 This pointer of the ampere-hour meter moves from zero to two and goes back to zero again. Heat from the sun stirs up the atmosphere, generating winds. 2 词量减少 冠词的省译 介词的省译 人称代词、物主代词、反身代词的省译 “it”在某些句型(如强调、形式主语、形式宾语)中的省译 连词的省译 关系代词的省译 冠词的省译 Any substance is made of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid, or a gas. 介词省译 Hydrogen is the lightest element with an atomic weight of 1.008. hydrogen:氢 　 代词的省译 The atoms of all metals arrange themselves in patterns. Different metal differ in their conductivity. EX： It may well improve long-term weather forecasting. Air pressure decreases with altitude. In general, all the metals are good conductors, with silver the best and copper the second.　 A wire lengthens while it is heated. ＝(… and the poorest conductor has the greatest resistance) 最好的导体电阻最小，最差的导体电阻最大。 此项装置也广泛用于自动启动引擎，传动带上的自动计数，各种不同的紧急信号自动控制系统，电影音像自动复制以及录音带