ChapterMorphology版解读.ppt

Rules Examples N+suffix+→V beautify; computerize; hyphenate N+suffix+→ADJ Hairy; foolish; picturesque; burdensome; poisonous N+suffix+→ADV Clockwise; eastward V+suffix+→N Simplification; movement; refusal; trainee; worker; coverage V+suffix+→ADJ Teachable; dependent; active; excited; depressing ADJ+suffix+→N Happiness; acceptability; nationalism; loyalist; tenth ADJ+suffix+→V Simplify; modernize; quicken ADJ+suffix+→ADV Madly; impulsively Inflection INFLECTION is manifestation of grammatical relationships through addition of inflectional affixes, such as number, person, finiteness, aspect and case, which do not change the grammatical class of the stems to which they are attached. (a) number table/tables apple/apples person, finiteness and aspect Talk/talks/talking/talked (c) case: boy/boy’s John/John’s Conversion (zero derivation) CONVERSION is actually the derivational process whereby a word is adopted or converted to a new word-class without the addition of an affix. (a) verb→noun conversion (b) noun→verb conversion (c) adjective→noun conversion (d) adjective→verb conversion (e) noun→adjective conversion (f) Conversion from closed-class words to nouns (a) verb attempt →noun attempt (b) noun cake →verb cake (c) adjective final →noun final (d) adjective dry →verb dry (e) noun brick →adjective brick (f) His arguments contains too many ifs and buts This book is a must for the student of linguistics. Compounding COMPOUNDING is a word-formation process through which new words are created by combining at least two free morphemes. Noun compounds play+boy→playboy(V+N) Verb compounds lip+read→lipread(N+V) Adjective compounds heart+felt→heartfelt(N+Ved) Preposition compounds through+out→throughout (P+P) Invention Blending Abbreviation Acronym back-formation Onomatopoeia borrowing Other Types of Word Formation 3.3 Invention Since economic activity is the most important and dynamic in human life, many new lexic