专八英汉翻译例析和技巧教案.ppt

TEM-8 E-C Translation Case Study Coping Techniques 举例说明： Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. 分析: [1]该句的主语为behaviorists, 谓语为suggest, 宾语为一个从句, 因此整个句子为Behaviorists suggest that clause结构。 [2] That 从句中的主干为child will experience development [3] 内在的逻辑关系为“条件” 参考译文： 行为主义者认为, 【条件】如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 【并列】这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 【结果】那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。 判断英语句子间的逻辑关系 英译汉时, 正确的逻辑判断可以帮助理解英语原文语气中所包含的错综复杂的逻辑关系, 包括因果、转折、让步、条件、目的、对比、并列、时间先后、假设等; 举例说明【1】 They were as knowledgeable, dedicated, and hard-working a group of people as anyone could hope to work with. 译文： 他们这批人知识渊博, 具有献身精神, 工作努力, 因此人们都希望与他们合作。(因果关系) 举例说明【2】 Humanity will be forced to confront the delayed effects of having recklessly exploited the environment. 译文：由于在开发利用环境时不计后果, 在经过一段时间之后,人类将不得不面对其最终所造成的后果。(因果关系) 举例说明【3】 Chinese delegations have been sent to European countries, who will negotiate trade agreement with the respective governments. 译文： 中国已派出代表团前往欧洲各国, 以便于同各国政府谈判贸易协定。(目的关系) E-C Translation 长句翻译技巧 1. 顺译法 有些英语长难句所叙述的一连串动作基本上是按照动作发生的时间或逻辑关系来表达的，与汉语表达法基本或完全一致，因此考生在翻译时一般可以按照英语原文的顺序译出。 这是理想的翻译方法, 可以最大限度地用译文再现原文的内容和风格。 顺译法例子【1】 He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 译文：他相信正是这个困难具有一个补偿性优点：（即）迫使他长时间专注地思考每一句，因而促使他发现推理及他本人观察上的错误。 顺译法例子【2】 Television keeps one informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining. 分析： 该句谓语部分由三个句子并列而成，其中第三个谓语由一个 which 引导的定语从句修饰。原句是按逻辑顺序来叙述，和汉语的表达方式相吻合，汉译时按原序译出即可。 译文：电视使人了解时事，熟悉科学政治领域的最新发展，并能源源不断地为观众提供各种有教育意义又 有趣的节目。 顺译法例子【3】 If you are going to protect such areas with