(催化作用与催化反应)解析.pptVIP

Chapter 3 Catalytic reaction 3.1 Chemical essence of catalysis 3.2 Base chemical knowledge of catalytic reaction 3.3 Classification of catalytic reaction 3.4 The identity of homogeneous, heterogenous , enzyme catalysis 3.1 Chemical essence of catalysis (1) Reaction of the pure ions in solution (2) Complex reaction (3) Free radical reaction H·+H·→H2 2H·+CH3CH2CH3→CH2＝CH-CH3+2H2 3CH3·+Sb→Sb(CH3)3 (4) High temperatures reaction 2CaO+SiO2→2CaO·SiO2 MgO+Fe2O3→MgFe2O4 ??? A + K → AK (ion, free radical , complex) AK+B → C (Fast) The essence of catalysis is the chemical reaction between the reactant and the catalyst. ----Chemical essence of catalysis 3.2 Base chemical knowledge of catalytic reaction  Mechanism of elementary reaction Molecular orbital theory Frontier orbit Mechanism of elementary reaction Donor-acceptor of electron pair between HOMO and LUMO Electron transition Reciprocal interchange of electron pair between HOMO and LUMO 3.3 Classification of catalytic reaction 3.3.1 According to the mechanism of catalysis 3.3.2 According to the phase of catalyst and reactant 3.3.1 According to the mechanism of catalysis 3.3.1.1 Acid-base catalytic reaction 3.3.1.2 Catalytic redox reaction 3.3.1.1 Acid-base catalytic reaction Acid-base catalytic reaction: the mechanism of catalysis is the donor-acceptor of electron pair between catalyst and reactant 3.3.1.1 Acid-base catalytic reaction Special acid-base catalytic reaction Coordination catalytic reaction Special acid-base catalytic reaction Specifically refers to the Bronsted acid-base catalytic reaction. Catalyst is Bronsted acid or alkali Coordination catalytic reaction Covalent catalytic reaction σ-π coordination catalytic reaction Covalent catalytic reaction Catalyst and reactant forms covalent bond through the donor-acceptor of electron pair. σ-πcoordination catalytic reaction Catalyst and reactant forms