Bloomfield副本解析.pptVIP

Leonard Bloomfield 1887-1949 1930-1950 Bloomfieldian Phase Contributions 1. American Structuralism:Descriptive, not explanatory; Empirical, but not very productive; Concentrates on particulars, paying little attention to meaning (universals); Doing exhaustive analysis of all contrasts 2. Language Teaching: constant practice and repitition(drilling) 3. Linguistic Society of America (1924) its journal Language 4. Language Bibliograph April 1, 1887 born in Chicago and his uncle Maurice Bloomfield was a prominent linguist 1868 emigrated to the United States 1903 to 1906 Harvard College 1909 doctoral dissertation in Germanic historical linguistics《日耳曼语次元音交替的语义差异》Indo-Europeanist Eduard Prokosch convinced Bloomfield to pursue a career in linguistics 1908 moved to the University of Chicago 1913 and 1914 further studies at University of Leipzig and the University of Gettingen 1913-1921 Assistant Professor of Comparative Philology and German, also University of Illinois 1921-1927 Professor of German and Linguistics at the Ohio State University 1927-1940 Professor of Germanic Philology at the University of Chicago 1940-1949 Sterling Professor of Linguistics at Yale University, 影响因素 The Neogrammarian hopothesis of the regularity of sound change 新语法学派 Historical and comparative principles 历史比较语言学 Language An Introduction to the Study of Language (1914) W.Wandt (Mentalism): 用联想的心理活动解释语音变化，认为意义是心理联想的习惯 Language （1933） J.B.Watson A.P.Weiss (Behaviorism) Chapters 1-16: Synchronic linguistics Chapters 7-28: Diachronic linguistics 主要观点 1. 语音 语素的能指层面，确立语素和音位的对应关系 音系层：音子、音位、音位变体 语素层：语子、语素、语素变体 类型：Simple primary phonemes, compound phonemes, and secondary phonemes（supersegmental features） 主要观点 2. Behaviorism Behaviorism is a view which draws on behaviorist psychology when trying to define the meaning of linguistic forms. 主要观点 The linguistic model of the behaviorism Jill