周海军spinglassandmessage-passingalgorithms.pptVIP

2007-05-29 自旋玻璃与消息传递算法Spin Glass and Message-Passing Algorithms 周海军 /~zhouhj/ 中国科学院理论物理研究所 提纲 1。自旋玻璃理论 基本图像与平衡自由能分布 空腔方法 2。消息传递算法 Vertex-Cover 问题, 3-SAT 问题 Survey Propagation算法 部分参考文献 Mezard, Parisi, Virasoro, “Spin Glass Theory and Beyond” (World Scientific, 1987） Mezard, Parisi, “The Bethe lattice spin glass revisited”, European Physics Journal B 20: 217-233 (2001) Mezard, Parisi, Zecchina, “Analytic and algorithmic solution of random satisfiability problems”, Science 297: 812-815 (2002) 自旋玻璃理论：自由能分 Statistical mechanics of a (simple) system in equilibrium is well-established. Partition function, free energy, …. Mean-field treatment. Phase transitions. Correlation length, scaling exponents, … . Renormalization flow. …, but non-equilibrium dynamics of even a simple system may be difficult to understand Formal framework. Connection with equilibrium. Glassy dynamics. Why relaxation becomes so low and non-exponential? …… Equilibrium (static) and dynamical properties of complex systems are both difficult and interesting Quenched randomness, frustration, non-self averaging, …, broken ergodicity. NP-complete combinatorial optimizations, message-passing algorithms for information science (CDMA, for example!), econo-physics, …, biological systems. 自旋玻璃：无序与阻错系统的简单模型 3D regular lattice (Edwards-Anderson, 1975) Complete graph (Sherrington-Kirkpatrick 1975) Random Poisson graph (Viana-Bray, 1985) What we learned from an equilibrium statistical mechanics course? What we learned from an equilibrium statistical mechanics course? (contl.) What we learned from an equilibrium statistical mechanics course? (contl.) ergodic vs non-ergodic repeated heating—annealing and the equilibrium Gibbs measure distribution of equilibrium free-energies distribution of equilibrium free-energies (contl.) Which thermodynamic states contribute to the equilibrium properties? If If the mean free energy density 自旋玻璃理论：空腔方法（cavity method) Let’s define an art