高考英语省略现象面面观.pptVIP

高考英语“省略现象”面面观 Wang guilin 　英语中的省略有两种:一是替代省略,即用其他词代替句子中重复或相同的部分;二是结构省略。即根据语境需要,承前或后省略句子中相同的某些句子成分。这类题型在历届高考试题中屡见不鲜。 　　一、替代省略 　　1.用it, one, that替代句子中重复出现的名词、代词或句子。 　　one是指代同名称的另一样东西(同类异物),代替前面句子中重复出现的可数名词;that替代特指可数或不可数名词,后面常跟有in或of短语作后置定语;it指代同名称的同样事物(同类同物)。 析:正确答案是B. one代替泛指的an unforgettable moment,在句中作同位语,起补充说明的作用.I will always treasure是定语从句修饰one.  　[考例] 　　1) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I always treasure. 　　A. that B. one C. it D. what (NMET2002) 　　 析:由题干分析,代词指代的是前面的a break,为单数泛指概念,故答案为C.one代替泛指的单数名词,相当于a / an+单数名词.若替代前面提到的泛指复数名词要用ones,替代特指复数名词则用those或the ones.  　2) -Why dont you take a break? 　　-Didnt we just have _____? 　　A. it B. that C. one D. this (NMET2000) 　　 析:答案是A.those代替the libraries.  3) Equipped with modern facilities,todays libraries differ greatly from ________. 　　A. those of the past 　　B. the past 　　C. which of the past 　　D. these past (2003春上海卷) 　　 2.在两个分句中,当两者(人或物)情况或意思完全相同,第二个分句用so, neither, nor, either等引出时,出现省略现象,其中neither, nor, so还可引起倒装结构,表示也不……、也……。　　[考例] 析:正确答案是B项.So置于句首,构成So+主语+助动词(情态动词)结构,表示同意对方的话;So置于句首,构成So+助动词(情态动词)+主语的倒装结构,表示……亦如此。 4)-David has made great progress recently. 　　- ______ and ______ . 　　A. So he has; so you have 　　B. So he has; so have you 　　C. So has he; so have you 　　D. So has he; so you have (1997上海卷) 　　 3.有时可用so代替名词性从句,以避免重复前面所说的内容,可以用于这类结构的动词有think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, guess, hope等.肯定回答结构为主语+动词+so,否定回答结构为主语+助动词否定形式+动词+so或主语+动词+not。但动词为hope, guess时,否定回答只能说hope (guess) not,不能说dont hope (guess) so。 　　[考例] 　析:正确答案是D.I guess not相当于I guess they arent doing a good job at all。 5)-The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they? 　　-___________. 　　A. I guess not so 　　B. I dont guess 　　C. I dont guess so 　　D. I guess not(2003春北京卷) 　 二、结构省略 　　1.动词不定式的省略. 　　动词不定式作宾语或宾语补足语时,可采用省略结构,但符号to要保留,表示省略了动词不定式及其以后的成分. 　　[考例] 析:正确答案是A.to后省略了ride his bicycle in the street.  　6) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother tol