2015年职称英语教材卫生类第三部分概括大意与完成句子….doc

2015年职称英语教材卫生类 第三部分 概括大意与完成句子 P87第八篇：　Lung Cancer　　译文：肺癌　　1. The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air (smoke particles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.　　在过去的25年中，男性肺癌的死亡率增加了8倍多，而女性则增加1倍多;城市和工业区要比农村高得多。究其原因，有很多可能性因素。但是哪些因素最为致病还存在很大分歧。频繁提到的因素是接触异质颗粒和空气中其他刺激物(烟尘、烟雾、废烟废气)，以及抽烟和吸雪茄。 2. Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits. Among heavy smokers —21 to 30 cigarettes per day —the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect. 一系列研究表明，肺癌的死亡率与吸烟的习惯之间存在着明显的关系。在那些每天抽21~30根香烟的烟瘾大的人当中，肺癌死亡率几乎是不吸烟者的17倍。在目前相当比例女性吸烟的作用下，女性死亡率即将增高。3. Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an x-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation1 from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is absolutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained2. Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely removed.3　　　有时肺癌是在进行X射线检查结核病时发现的。但是，当前强调接触X射线机的放射线的危险常常也使得人们不敢去做常规的胸部X射线检查，从而不能早期对肺癌作出诊断。如果想要保持治愈可能的话，今早发现绝对必要。现代的X射线机由有技能的人来操作，它对40岁以上的人所产生的危险如此之小，以至于其危险不仅可以