robbinsob要点.ppt

全球化层面的意义 文化和组织结构 在组织结构方面，许多国家采用美国的模式。 美式管理可能过于强调个人领导。 文化和员工对结构的偏好 拥有高权力距离的文化可能更青睐机械结构。 文化和无边界组织 可能为全球化公司中的地区差异提供了一种解决方案。 打破文化障碍，尤其是在战略联盟中。 远程通信和办公也模糊了组织的边界。 15-* Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall 本章小结及对管理者的意义 组织结构会影响组织成员的态度和行为。 技术的影响 技术使得组织更容易改变结构，以符合员工和本组织的需求。 15-* Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall Associated with E X H I B I T 15-10 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America. Copyright ?2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ?Publishing as Prentice Hall 15-* Copyright ? 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Prentice Hall (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, All rights reserved. * Organizational structure depicts how job tasks are formally divided, grouped, and coordinated. The key elements of organizational structure include work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization, and formalization. (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, All rights reserved. * A key part of organizational structure is understanding the degree to which tasks are divided into separate jobs or work specialization. The division of labor is helpful in creating the most efficient way to utilize employee skills, increase their skills, and maximize their input. When division of labor is utilized an organization can more effectively use specialized training and specialized equipment to accomplish their desired productivity and quality goals. (c) 2008 Prentice-Hall, All rights reserved. * Work specialization can cause greater economies, but in some cases it can cause diminishing returns due to repetition which can lead to boredom. Job enlargement can be effective in creating greater efficiencies than specialization does.