概率论与数理统计_第三章__多维随机变量及其概率分布课程.docVIP

第三章 多维随机变量及其概率分布 二维随机变量 的分布函数 X的分布函数 Y的分布函数 离散型的分布律 (与比较) 例1 设的分布律为 求(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) 解:(1)由知 解得 (2) (3) (4) (5) 连续型的分布密度 设D为平面上的区域,为的分布密度,则其满足: 特别, 若X,Y相互独立,则有,,其中分别为X的边缘分布函数和分布密度,分别为Y的边缘分布函数和分布密度? 4.常见二维连续型分布 (1)平面区域D上的均匀分布:设D的面积为,服从D的均匀分布,则的分布密度为 例2 设,即D为xy平面上的单位园域,则,设服从D上的均匀分布,则其 * 解:设具有D上的均匀分布,A为平面上的某一区域,则,其中表示A与D公共部分的面积? 例3 (续例2)求 解: (2)二维正态分布 *,设具有该分布,则其概率密度为 * 此时X的边缘密度,即~ 故Y的边缘密度Y~,故,P为X,Y的相关系数,可知当时,,即X,Y相互独立,这是一个重要结论:在正态分布的场合:不相关等价于相互独立另外,可知 *4 设X~,Y~,两者相互独立,求的分布密度相互独立知~ Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank Johns Hopkins University for the TC-1 cells. This work was supported by a National Health Research Institutes intramural grant (IV-103-PP-22) and grants from the National Science Council, which were awarded to Y.C. Song (NSC 99-2321-B-400-004-MY3) and S.J. Liu (NSC 103-2321-B-400-008). Author Contributions Y.C.S. and S.J.L. designed the studies. Y.C.S. performed the research and analyzed the data. Y.C.S. and S.J.L. wrote the manuscript. Additional Information C57BL/6 mice were immunized subcutaneously (s.c.) once with 1 μ g of peptide mixed with or without 10 μ g of CpG adjuvant. After one week, splenocytes were harvested, and the response of IFN-γ -secreting cells was determined by ELISPOT after 48 h of peptide stimulation. Briefly, 2 × 105 splenocytes were incubated with 1 μ g/ml irrelevant peptide or RAH peptide in an anti-IFN-γ -coated polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) plate for 48 h. After incubation, the cells were removed, and a biotinylated anti-IFN-γ Ab (eBioscience, San Diego, CA, USA) was added to each well. The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 2 h. Following the addition of the avidin-HRP reagent (eBioscience, CA, USA), the assay was developed using a 3-amine-9-ethyl carbazole (AEC; Sigma-Aldrich, MO, USA) staining solution. The reaction was stopped after 4–6 min by placing the plate under tap water. The spots were counted using an ELISPOT