柴油机PM排放控制技术探讨.docVIP

柴油机PM排放控制技术探讨 摘 要 本文针对车用柴油机PM的组成及对人类生活的危害所面临的若干问题，通过对柴油机污染物的生成机理、影响因素等方面的知识，进一步地油机较高问题的本质Abstract This paper and composition of the vehicle diesel engine to human PM the dangers of life facing some problems, through the creation of pollutants of diesel mechanism, influencing factors and other aspects, further describes the purification of diesel engine pollutants nature of problems measures to higher quality, optimizing the emissions vehicle diesel engine, so as to meet environmental requirements, further protect us lazy to survive homes. This paper is divided into four chapters: the first chapter the introduction section of this topic briefly summarizes the current research approach, analysis and purification measures; The second chapter expounds the harmful emissions from diesel generating mechanism and harm, proposed the this thesis mainly research work and basic ideas; The third chapter of a diesel engine harmful emissions purification measures and discussed issues; The fourth chapter of this topic research results are summarized. Keywords: automotive diesel engine; Harmful emissions; Purification measures 目 录 1 绪论 ……………………………………………………………………1 1.1 车用柴油发动机排放物的生成机理及净化措施研究的意义 …………6 1.2 国内外对有害排放物的研究现状分析 ……………………………… 6 1.3 对有害排放物所采取的各项净化措施 …………………………………6 1.4 本课题的主要研究工作的基本思路 ……………………………………6 2车用柴油机的排放物 ………………………………………………7 2.1 引言 ……………………………………………………………………7 2.2柴油机的排放物及危害 ……………………………………………7 2.3柴油机排放物的生成机理 …………………………………………9 2.4影响柴油机排放物生成的主要因素 ……………………………12 3 排放物的控制措施 …………………………………………………19 3.1减少柴油机排气污染物的控制技术……………………………19 3.2 燃烧系统的改进……………………………………………………19 3.2.1 直接喷射式燃烧系统的改进………………………19 3.2.2 间接喷射式燃烧系统的改进………………………20 3.3进气系统的改进………………………………………………21 3.4燃料喷射系统的改进…………………………………………22 3.4.1 高压喷射系统…………………………………………22 3.4.2 改进喷油器结构………………………………………24 3.4.3 电子控制喷射系统……………………………………25 3.5 燃料的改良……………………………………………………32 3.5.1 燃料的改质……………………………………………32 3.5.2 燃油添加剂 …………………………………………33 3.6柴油机排气污染物的机外净化措施………………………… 33 3.6.1 催化净化技术………………………………………………………33 3.6.2 柴