基于频响函数和主成份分析的结构损伤检测方法研究.pdfVIP

2007 年第九届全国振动理论及应用学术会议论文集 杭州,2007.10.17-19 基于频响函数和主成份分析的结构损伤检 测方法研究 屈文忠 蔡元奇 朱以文 (武汉大学工程力学系 武汉 430072) 摘 要：利用结构振动响应和系统动态特性参数进行结构损伤检测是国内外研究的热点，并提出了许多研 究方法。目前基于频响函数的结构损伤检测方法的一个关键问题就是如何处理待检测结构系统的不确定性 以及噪声影响问题。本文针对上述问题，利用主成份分析方法，首先利用多次测量得到的频响函数矩阵建 立完好结构的特征空间，通过该特征空间利用少数阶主成份重构待检测结构的频率函数，从而可以确定结 构是否发生损伤。通过ASCE 标准损伤检测问题多种损伤工况的数值仿真计算表明了该结构损伤检测方法的 有效性。 关键词：结构损伤检测；频响函数；主成份分析；ASCE Benchmark Research on structural damage detection based on frequency response using PCA method QU Wenzhong，CAI Yuanqi , ZhU Yiwen (Department of Engineering Mechanics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China) Abstract ：Great attention has been paid to researches on structural damage detection using vibration or frequency domain based approaches recently. And vibration-based damage detection using measured frequency response functions (FRFs) has been studied by a number of researchers. While the frequency response function is one of the easiest to obtain in real-time, most of the associated detection methods are deterministic in nature and cannot deal with uncertainties and noise that are inevitable under practical situations. This paper presents an application of principal component analysis (PCA) for structural damage detection using frequency response function in order to effectively eliminate uncertainties and noise. The basic idea is to first establish a feature space of the intact structure response by using multiple measurements. Abnormal signature that is different from the baseline signature can then be identified after signal reconstruction by means of the FRF projections on a few principal components. A series of numeri