城市生活垃圾综合分选处理系统设计说明书毕业设计.doc

目 录 1、城市生活垃圾的分选··············································3 2、垃圾分选技术····················································3 3、生活垃圾分选的发展现状··········································4 4、垃圾分选设计内容分选工艺流程图4吊车、抓斗的选择···········································9 6.5磁选设备的选择·············································10 6.6滚筒破碎机的选择···········································11 6.7垃圾滚筒筛·················································12 6.8风选设备···················································13 6.9输送带·····················································15 7、成本分析·······················································18 7.1直接成本···················································18 7.2间接费用概算···············································19 7.3运行费用···················································19 8、环境保护·······················································19 9、效益分析·······················································20 9.1 可行性分析···············································20 9.2经济效益分析··············································20 9.3环境效益分析··············································22 9.4社会效益分析··············································22 10、结束语························································22 11、参考文献······················································23 前言 固体废弃物处理通常是指通过物理、化学、生物、物化及生化方法把固体废物转化为适于运输、贮存、利用或处置的过程。垃圾分选，是垃圾处理技术的瓶颈，不管是焚烧、填埋处理工艺，还是综合处理工艺，很多失败案例都是因为垃圾分选不彻底，导致下工序无法处理而使整条生产线都不能正常运行。 本文以设计处理量为140t/天的某城市生活垃圾分选处理系统为目标，确定了垃圾分选系统中的垃圾储料车间，行车与抓斗，磁选，破碎，筛分，风选等的工艺设计参数以及设计依据。同时确定了整个垃圾综合分选处理系统的工作流程、以及厂址的选择，厂区的布置。每天可产生金属9.03t/天、玻璃2.1t/天、可以进行堆肥的190.05t/天、需要进行填埋的148.82t/天。具有很好的环境效益、经济效益和社会效益。 1、城市生活垃圾的分选 垃圾的分选是指根据物质的密度、粒度、磁性、电性、光电性、摩擦性、弹性以及表面润湿性的差异，采用相应的手段将其分离的过程。分选的方法有筛分、重力分选、磁力分选、电力分选、光电分选、摩擦分选、弹性分选和浮选等。 垃圾分选的目的就是将混合垃圾进行有效的分类，对垃圾成分中的不同组分进行分离，得到较为单一的组分，或是从混合垃圾中分离出某种少含量垃圾组分，有利于垃圾的回收再利用和后续处理。分选系统拣出部分可回收物资，经简单处理后进行二次加工回用。垃圾分类是垃圾减量化、无害化、资源化、产业化的最终出路。垃圾分类回收最终创造的是一个无垃圾的社会，一个资源循环、永续利用的社会。垃圾分选技术方法可概括为人工分选和机械分选。人工分选是最早采用的分选方法，适用于废物原产地、收集站、处理中心