毕业设计（论文）常压蒸馏装置工艺设计论文.docVIP

2.5Mt/a长庆原油常压蒸馏装置工艺设计 ：根据原油评价结果，确定其加工方案为燃料-润滑油型，装置采用闪蒸塔、常压塔。本设计主要对闪蒸塔、常压塔及加热炉进行了工艺设计计算，其中，闪蒸塔塔径为m；常压塔采用层F1型溢流浮阀塔盘，塔径为m，塔高为m，塔顶设塔顶回流，塔侧采用两个中段循环回流。加热炉采用立式圆筒炉，辐射室高m，节圆直径m；对流室长m，宽m，高m；烟囱高m,直径2.14m。计算结果表明，本装置能够在设计的范围内正常操作和运行，说明本设计是合理可行的。此外，绘制了该装置的工艺原流程图。 ：原油常压蒸馏加热炉工艺计算 The Design of 2.5Mt/a Atmospheric DistiLLation Unit of Changqing Crude OiL Abstract：According to the resut of Changqing crude oil evaluation, it was determined that the processing plan was the type of fuel-lubrication.The unit included the two-step aerification flow with flash tower, atmospheric tower. This text mainly designed flash tower, atmospheric tower and furnace. The flash tower its diameter was 2.0m high.The atmospheric tower was seted 34 layers double-flow trays with the type of F-1 valve and was 28.2m high.Its diameter was 4.6m and seted reflux at the top of the tower and two intermediate circulating reflux. The furnace adopted vertical cylindrical type heater,and the radial chamber was 16m high and the pitch diameter was 6.41m. The convection chamber of the furnace was 4.5m long, 2.17m wide and 6.258m high.The chimney was 12.8m high and its diameter was 2.14m. The result indicated that the unit could normally been operated and run with the range designed, which confirmed the unit was feasible. In addition, the technological principle flow chart of the unit was drawn by use of the AutoCAD software. Key words： crude oil; Atmospheric distillation; Furnace; Technology calculation 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1 课题的意义 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 工艺设计概述 2 2 原油加工方案和切割方案 4 2.1 原油评价简述 4 2.2 长庆原油加工方案 7 2.3 长庆原油切割方案 10 3 常压塔工艺计算 11 3.1 油品性质参数的计算 11 3.2 油品性质参数计算结果汇总 14 3.2 闪蒸塔的工艺设计计算 15 3.3 常压塔的工艺设计计算 18 4 塔板水力学计算 47 4.1 基础数据 47 4.2 塔板的结构计算 47 4.3 塔板的水力学计算 51 4.4 负荷性能图 53 5 管式加热炉的工艺设计 58 5.1 原始数据 58 5.2 加热炉总热负荷 58 5.3 燃烧过程计算 59 5.4 全炉热平衡 61 5.5 辐射段的计算 62 5.6 对流室的计算 67 5.7 炉管内的压力降 73 5.8 烟囱的设计计算 76 设计体会与心得 81 参考文献 82 致谢 83 附录 84 绪论 1.1 课题的意义 随着国民经济的快速发展，世界上对能源的需求量迅速上升，我国原油2009年一次加工能力达到4.77亿吨/年，居世