DatabasemanagementconceptsDatabaseManagement.pptVIP

* Database management concepts Database Management Systems (DBMS) An example of a database (relational) Database schema (e.g. relational) Data independence Architecture of a DBMS Types of DBMS Basic DBMS types Retrieving and manipulating data: query processing Database views Data integrity Client-Server architectures Knowledge Bases and KBS (and area of AI) DBMS tasks: Managing large quantity of structured data Efficient retrieval and modification: query processing and optimization Sharing data: multiple users use and manipulate data Controlling the access to data: maintaining the data integrity An example of a database (relational): Relations (tables) Attributes (columns) Tuples (rows) Example query: Salesperson=Mary AND Price100. Database schema (e.g. relational): Names and types of attributes Addresses Indexing Statistics Authorization rules to access data etc. Data independence: separation of the physical and logical data Particularly important for distributed systems The mapping between them is provided by the schema Architecture of a DBMS - three levels: external, conceptual and internal schema Types of DBMS The data structures supported: tables (relational), trees, networks, objects Type of service provided: high level query language, programming primitives Basic DBMS types Linear files Sequence of records with a fixed format usually stored on a single file Limitation: single file Example query: Salesperson=Mary AND Price100 Hierarchical structure Trees of records: one-to-many relationships Limitations: Requires duplicating records (e.g. many-to-many relationship) Problems when updated Retrieval requires knowing the structure (limited data independence): traversing the tree from top to bottom using a procedural language Network structure: similar to the hierarchical database with the implementation of many-to-many relationships Relational structure Object-Oriented structur