碳烟颗粒论文：柴油车尾气碳烟颗粒催化燃烧.docVIP

碳烟颗粒论文：柴油车尾气碳烟颗粒的催化燃烧 【中文摘要】在当前能源与环境等因素制约下,柴油车因其热效率高,燃油经济性而受到广泛关注。但是柴油车尾气排放的碳烟颗粒物(PM)和氮氧化合物(NOx)浓度高,尤其是PM的排放。柴油车已经成为我国机动车NOx和碳烟颗粒的主要分担者,急需重点控制。本文以CeO2基础,通过向CeO2中掺杂不同的过渡金属和碱金属,并分别考察其在紧密和松散接触条件下的碳烟燃烧的性能；同时结合了碱金属与过渡金属的特点制备了K-Ce-Mn复合氧化物催化剂,该催化剂尤其在松散条件下表现出良好的催化活性,其Tm(最大燃烧速率温度)为405℃,Ti为338℃。本文通过低温N2吸附,XRD, TG, H2-TPR, CO-TPR, O2-TPD, FT-IR, C-TPR等多种现代分析手段研究催化剂的组成和结构对碳烟颗粒燃烧性能的影响。通过研究发现掺杂的K以碳酸盐和硝酸盐的形式高度分散在催化剂表面。K对碳烟燃烧的促进作用表现在一方面提高了催化剂表面的活性氧的浓度；另一方面通过形成熔融态的中间态碳酸盐物种,降低了催化剂与碳烟对接触状况的敏感性,从而有促进了碳烟燃烧反应的发生。 【英文摘要】Diesel vehicles have received extensive attention because of its high thermal efficiency of fuel economy. However, diesel vehicles exhaust too much amount of soot particles and nitrogen oxides (NOX), especially about soot. The emission of soot and NOX from diesel vehicles play an important role in the total amount of particular matter (PM) and NOx from the vehicles, the emission control of soot and NOx have been drawn great attention.In this paper, CeO2 was doped by different transition metal oxides (Co, Mn and Cu) and alkali metal oxide (K), and the activities of catalysts for the PM oxidation under tight or loose contact condition were investigated. Among them, the K-Mn-Ce oxide catalyst prepared by sol-gel method behaved the highest activity for soot oxidation, especially under loose contact conditions. The ignition temperature of soot oxidation (Ti) was 338℃, and the temperature corresponding to the maximum soot oxidation (Tm) was 405℃。The catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET/TG, H2-TPR, O2-TPD, CO-TPR, FT-IR, C-TPR to study the effects of composition and structure on the activities of the catalysts for soot oxidation. The results suggested that K in the form of nitrate and carbonate was highly dispersed on the catalyst surface. The deposition of K could enhance the redox abilities of catalysts. At the same time, the forming of carbonate species on the surface could improve the contact between the catalyst and the particle. 【关键词】碳烟颗粒 柴油车 尾气净化 CeO2 松散接触 【英文关键词】Soot