《欧洲文化入门》要点提炼5.doc

欧洲文化入门 1．希腊罗马0 i??@* X2 C3 k4 s( g/ [Homer Iliad Odyssey Author of epics2 ]: _+ T# L+ U( a MSappho Lyric poet: M6 q. ?3 Z, S, q1 [* [+ j$ j M1 y* M( a1 {2 y# O# h9 `% d% O @三大悲剧家：6 Z* ^2 l2 N2 ~1 p6 i5 x??u6 DAeschylus Prometheus bound Persians Agamemnon Tragic dramatist( Q1 I/ m1 ^+ `1 ^* [* k7 aSophocles Oedipus the King Electra Antigone Tragic dramatist. \ q( K5 m+ c% R) }Euripides Medea Trojan Women Andromache Tragic dramatist6 L, M* Y$ W7 Q# @/ O6 p x f* O; ^, V% W. k V: F??k喜剧家：! P \0 u. {7 B/ B1 v. k* N- xAristophanes FrogsCloudsWaspsBirds??Comedy writer8 o( ` e$ Z) s4 p0 `$ S ?( V2 e% b2 J0 K5 L9 `7 K历史学家： \/ K, J9 _- |, v. a: J: a$ ]Herodotus??wrote about wars between Greeks and Persians??Father of history% o??j/ o- h a iThucydides wrote about wars between Athens and Sparta and Athens and Syracuse2 d0 @- n6 W2 d( ~the greatest historian that have ever lived* l( `) X$ |* ?9 X F- s) a( y* x4 Q. v6 c! Q哲学和科学：4 m+ w. k3 W6 B3 a* Y* |7 FPythagoras All things were numbers founder of scientific mathematics7 A2 j U2 g) BHeracleitue Fire is the primary element??l. U5 d3 t; K% u% z% oDemocritus Materialist, one of the earliest exponents of the atomic theory1 v- p: m9 t??\1 } ` @$ ~9 C+ kSocrates Dissect of oneself, virtue was high worth of life, dialectical method5 c3 o/ f% H8 V4 B7 {! ~Plato Man have knowledge because of the existence of certain general ideas 3 o) K* t! |# ]# n. T7 ADialogues! w4 \ M1 U R! @8 gAristotle Direct observation, theory follow fact, idea and matter together made 8 N l E) U6 i4 `??D7 s! B: z yconcrete individual realities EthicsPolitics Poetics and Rhetoric. P P. D/ B4 O7 q* IEuclid Elements a textbook of geometry# [$ [# ^! ?% G5 s( Y+ z- v5 {Archimedes when a body is immersed in water its loss of weight is equal to the + D! ^ W9 D% z/ y$ Gweight of the water displaced “Give me a place to stand and I’ll move 8 w4 A8 p??}4 ]the World”8 P) {3 t5 S8 y+ s# s% K+ pOthers Diogenes (the Cynics) Pyrrhon(the Sceptics) E