Chemistry English 化学专业英语.doc

Contents 01. THE ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE - 3 - 02. THE NONMETAL ELEMENTS - 5 - 03. GROUPS IB AND IIB ELEMENTS - 7 - 04. GROUPS IIIB—VIIIB ELEMENTS - 9 - 05. INTERHALOGEN AND NOBLE GAS COMPOUNDS - 11 - 06. THE CLASSIFICATION OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS - 13 - 07. THE NOMENCLATURE OF INORGANIC COMPOUNDS - 15 - 08. BRONSTEDS AND LEWIS ACID-BASE CONCEPTS - 19 - 09. THE COORDINATION COMPLEX - 22 - 10. ALKANES - 25 - 11. UNSATURATED COMPOUNDS - 28 - 12. THE NOMENCLATURE OF CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS - 30 - 13. SUBSTITUTIVE NOMENCLATURE - 33 - 14. THE COMPOUNDS CONTAINING OXYGEN - 37 - 15. PREPARATION OF A CARBOXYLiC ACID BY THE GRIGNARD METHOD - 39 - 16. THE STRUCTURES OF COVALENT COMPOUNDS - 41 - 17. OXIDATION AND REDUCTION IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - 44 - 18. SYNTHESIS OF ALCOHOLS AND DESIGN OF ORGANIC SYNTHESIS - 47 - 19. ORGANOMETALLICS—METAL π COMPLEXES - 49 - 20. THE ROLE OF PROTECTIVE GROUPS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS - 52 - 21. ELECTROPHILIC REACTIONS OF AROMATIC COMPOUNDS - 54 - 22. POLYMERS - 57 - 23. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY AND PROBLEMS IN SOCIETY - 61 - 24. VOLUMETRIC ANALYSIS - 63 - 25. QUALITATIVE ORGANIC ANALYSIS - 65 - 26. VAPOR-PHASE CHROMATOGRAPHY - 67 - 27. INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY - 70 - 28. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (I) - 72 - 29. NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE(II) - 75 - 30. A MAP OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY - 77 - 31. THE CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS - 79 - 32. CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM AND KINETICS - 82 - 33. THE RATES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS - 85 - 34. NATURE OF THE COLLOIDAL STATE - 88 - 35. ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS - 90 - 36. BOILING POINTS AND DISTILLATION - 93 - 37. EXTRACTIVE AND AZEOTROPIC DISTILLATION - 96 - 38. CRYSTALLIZATION - 98 - 39. MATERIAL ACCOUNTING - 100 - 40. THE LITERATURE MATRIX OF CHEMISTRY - 102 -  THE ELEMENTS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is referred to as the atomic number, or proton number, Z. The number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom is also equal to the atomic number, Z. The total mass of an atom is determin