扁形动物门教案分析.ppt

Introduction to tromatodes Phylum Platyhelminthes 扁形动物门Class Trematoda 吸虫纲 Order Digenea 复殖目 Morphology Adult worm Flattened (flatworm) and leaf like (扁平/叶状) Sucker: oral ventral (具口腹吸盘,fluke) Body wall: musculo-tegumental sac(肌性体被袋) Parenchyma (实质, structure between body wall and internal organs): connective tissue fibers, cells and space between them Digestive tract: not intact i.e. no anal opening, caecum Reproductive system: hermaphrodite (monoecious) exception of schistosome Muscular system Nervous system Excretory system Egg Size divergent Ovoid Operculum (exception of that of schistosome) Content: ovum , vitelline cells, or miracidium Features Reflecting Adaptation to Parasitism Organs of attachment highly developed Retardation of digestive system Highly developed reproductive system Life Cycle Complex Alteration of generationsexual generation and asexual generation alter in the life cycle of parasite Asexual multiplication in larval stage in snail host Multiple hosts transfer and having reservoir hosts in majority Water environment is essential 吸虫生活史阶段 虫卵（Egg） 毛蚴（Miracidium） 胞蚴(Sporocyst) 雷蚴(Redia) 尾蚴(Cercaria) 囊蚴(Metacercaria) 童虫(Preadult) 成虫(Adult worm) Important Species Liver fluke: Clonorchis sinensis Intestinal fluke: Fasciolopsis buski Lung fluke: Paragonimous westermani P. skrjabini Blood fluke: Schistosoma spp. 华支睾吸虫 Clonorchis sinensis 概述 寄生肝胆管 致肝吸虫病，主要分布远东地区 人体感染与饮食习惯有关 人体首例1874;国内1908上海 一、形态(Morphology) 1.成虫（adult worm） 为吸虫的模式形态 大小、体形似葵花子 口吸盘略大于腹吸盘 睾丸分支，卵巢分叶 2.虫卵(Egg) 蠕虫卵中之最小者 形似芝麻，具卵盖、肩峰，另一端有小棘，内含毛蚴 二、生活史（life cycle） Adult Egg Miracidia 胞蚴 雷蚴 Larve Metacercariae Cercariae life-cycle features Habitation:Hepatic bile duct Need 2 intermediate hosts： 豆螺、淡水鱼 Infection route:鱼虾中囊蚴(Oral) Egg in feces Definitive host:Man,dog cat等 三、致病（Pathogenesis） Pathogenic stage:Adult worm 机械及毒素致胆管炎症、结石 重症慢性感染可导致肝纤维化、肝癌 Infection