ExperimentalDeterminationoftotalhardnessofwaterten.docVIP

Experimental Determination of total hardness of water ten (with titration) 实验日期： Experiment Date: 实验目的： Experimental purposes: １、学习EDTA标准溶液的配制方法及滴定终点的判断； 1, learning EDTA standard solution preparation methods and to determine the end point titration; ２、掌握钙、镁测定的原理、方法和计算。 2, master of calcium and magnesium determination of the principles, methods and calculations. 一、水硬度的表示法： First, the water hardness of representation: 一般所说的水硬度就是指水中钙、镁离子的含量。 Water hardness is generally referred to refers to water calcium and magnesium ion content. 最常用的表示水硬度的单位有： The most common unit, said water hardness are: １、以度表示，１ o ＝10 ppm CaO，相当10万份水中含１份CaO。 1, expressed in degrees, 1 o = 10 ppm CaO, considerable water containing 1 100 000 copies of CaO. ２、以水中CaCO 3的浓度(ppm)计相当于每升水中含有CaCO 3多少毫克。 2, CaCO 3 concentrations in water (ppm) total the equivalent of CaCO 3 per liter of water contains how many milligrams. M CaO —氧化钙的摩尔质量(56.08 g/mol)， M CaO - calcium oxide molar mass (56.08 g / mol), M CaCO3 —碳酸钙的摩尔质量(100.09 g/mol)。 M CaCO3 - calcium carbonate molar mass (100.09 g / mol). 二、测定原理： Second, the measurement principle: 测定水的总硬度，一般采用配位滴定法即在pH＝10的氨性溶液中，以铬黑Ｔ作为指示剂,用EDTA标准溶液直接滴定水中的Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ ，直至溶液由紫红色经紫蓝色转变为蓝色，即为终点。 Determination of total hardness of water, generally with a titration that pH = 10 solution of ammonia to chrome black T as indicator, direct titration with EDTA standard solution in water of Ca 2 +, Mg 2 +, until the solution by the purple by purple-blue into the blue, that is the end. 反应如下： Reaction is as follows: 滴定前：EBT ＋ Ｍe（Ca 2+ 、Mg 2+ ） ＝ Ｍe－EBT Before titration: EBT + Me (Ca 2 +, Mg 2 +) = Me-EBT （蓝色） pH=10 （紫红色） (Blue) pH = 10 (purple) 滴定开始至化学计量点前：H 2 Y 2- + Ca 2+ ＝ CaY 2- + 2H + Titration to begin before the stoichiometric point: H 2 Y 2 - + Ca 2 + = CaY 2 - + 2H + H 2 Y 2- + Mg 2+ ＝ MgY 2- + 2H + H 2 Y 2 - + Mg 2 + = MgY 2 - + 2H + 计量点时：H 2 Y 2- + Mg-EBT ＝ MgY 2- + EBT +2H + Measurement point: H 2 Y 2 - + Mg-EBT = MgY 2 - + EBT +2 H + （紫蓝色） （蓝色） (Purple Blue)