中国酸雨研究现状张新民1.docVIP

中国酸雨研究现状 张新民1, 柴发合1* , 王淑兰1, 孙新章2, 韩 梅1 1. 中国环境科学研究院, 北京 100012 2. 中国 21世纪议程管理中心, 北京 100038 摘要: 中国酸雨区是继欧洲和北美之后的世界三大酸雨区之一, 迫切需要科学有效的酸雨污染控制对策和措施, 而及时总结 酸雨研究现状是科学控制酸雨的重要基础. 综述了近年来中国酸雨的研究发展历程、空间分布特征、成因和控制对策的研究 结果. 结果表明: 中国降水化学组成仍属硫酸型, 但正在向硫酸 - 硝酸混合型转变; 南方酸雨区范围无明显变化, 北方酸雨区 继续扩展; 强酸雨区范围为 1994年以来最大, 但酸度有所减弱; 总体来看, 与过去几年相比, 2008年全国酸雨形势有所恶化. 最后对酸雨成因和控制对策进行了概述. 关键词: 研究现状; 酸雨; 中国 中图分类号: X517 文献标志码: A 文章编号: 1001- 6929( 2010)05- 0527- 06 Research Progress ofAcid Precipitation in China ZHANG X in-m in1, CHA I Fa-he 1, WANG Shu-lan1, SUN X in-zhang2, HAN Mei 1 1. Chinese Research Academy ofEnvironm entalSciences, Beijing 100012, China 2. Adm inistrative Center for ChinapsAgenda 21, Beijing 100038, China Abstract: The acid rain area in China is one of the three m ain acid areas in the w orld, along w ith Europe and North Am erica. Scientific controlling countermeasures for acid rain are very necessary in China, and tim ely summ arizing of the research progresson acid rain is an important know ledge base for acid rain pollution contro.l This article provides an overview ofm ost of the recent acid rain investigations in China, including the distribution pattern characteristics, reasons and controlstrategies concerned w ith precipitation in China, and the results for precipitation. The m ajor conclusions are as follow s: acid rain pollution in China is still sulfur type w ith a trend to sulfuric-nitrousm ixed type; the acid rain area in Southern China has had no obvious change, w hile that inNorthern China is grow ing; the heavy acid rain area is the largest since 1994, but the acidity isw eakened to som e degree; overal,l in com parison w ith previous years, the acid rain situation in 2008 has deteriorated. In addition, the causes and control strategies are discussed. K ey words: research progress; acid rain; China 收稿日期: 2010- 01- 11 修订日期: 2010- 03- 03 基金项目: 国家重点基础研究发展计划( 973)项目 ( 2005CB422208) 作者简介: 张新 民 ( 1976 - ), 女, 河 北 丰 宁 人, 副 研 究 员, zhangxm@ craes. org. cn. * 责任作者, 柴发合 (