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东北农业大学学士学位论文 学号：海浪河水产种质资源保护区大型底栖动物群落结构及多样性的调查 学生姓名：张伟 指导教师：韩英 所在学院：动物科学技术学院 所学专业：水产养殖 研究方向：水生生物学 东 北 农 业 大 学 中国·哈尔滨 2012年6月 Northeast agricultural university B.A. degree thesis No.: Community structrues of macrobenthos and diversity of natural aquatic germplasm resource reserve of Hailang River ????????????????  ????????? Student: Zhang Wei Supervisor: Han Ying professor Department: Animal science and technology Specialty: Aquaculture ????????????????????Northeast Agricultural University Harbin ?China June，2012 摘 要 2011年8月，对海浪河大型底栖动物进行调查研究，共采集到大型底栖动物14目31科56种，其中水生昆虫43种，分属7目21科，占总数75.44%。其中海浪河特有鱼类国家级水产种质资源保护区境内大型底栖动物共计13目30科51种，从群落数量特征上来看, 蜉蝣目、毛翅目、双翅目为优势类群。海浪河大型底栖动物平均密度为180.19ind/m2、生物量为3.20g /m2。在各功能摄食生态类群中，捕食者最多为25种，收集者15种，撕食者10种，刮食者6种。角锥毛石蚕（Brachycentinao）、泥苞虫（Setodes）、小划蝽（Siga substraiata）、Epeorus uenoi和Stenpsyche griseipennis是现阶段海浪河大型底栖动物的优势种。采用Shannon-Weiner生物指数、BI生物指数和Simposon 生物指数对海浪河水质评价，各生物指数水质评价结果相似，洁净度排序大体趋势一致。3种生物指数水质评价结果表明，海浪河特有鱼类水产种质资源保护区境内水质比较清洁。 关键词:海浪河;水产种质资源保护区;大型底栖动物;群落结构;生物监测;水质 Community structrues of macrobenthos and diversity of natural aquatic germplasm resource reserve of Hailang River Abstract Abstract: A study was conducted to investigate the community structure of macrozoobenthos in the Hailang River during August in 2011. A total of 56 species of macrobenthos were collected, belonging to 14 orders and 31 families, among which, aquatic insects had the largest number, with 43 species (75.44% of the total) belonging to 21 families and 7 orders. A total of 51 species of macrobenthos were collected in endemic fish natural aquatic germplasm resource reserve of Hailang River, belonging to 13 orders and 30 families, among which, Ephemerida, Trichoptera and Diptera were prevalent g