转炉炼钢事故与处理论文解说.doc

毕 业 论 文 论文名称： 转炉炼钢事故分析预处理 姓　　名 XXX 专业班级 冶 金 08-3 班 指导教师 XXX 2011年 05 月 25 日 摘要 转炉炼钢事故发生的数量直接影响到工作人员的生命安全及炼钢的经济效益。应用前人的经验及现代化仪器分析处理事故找出事故规律，并结合转炉炼钢工艺条件，提出处理及防范对策。以下是关于转炉炼钢的问题： （1）转炉炼钢：是以铁水、废钢、铁合金为主要原料，不借助外加能源，靠铁液本身的物理热和铁液组分间化学反应产生热量而在转炉中完成炼钢过程。转炉按耐火材料分为酸性和碱性，按气体吹入炉内的部位有顶吹、底吹和侧吹；按气体种类为分空气转炉和氧气转炉。碱性氧气顶吹和顶底复吹转炉由于其生产速度快、产量大，单炉产量高、成本低、投资少，为目前使用最普遍的炼钢设备。转炉主要用于生产碳钢、合金钢及铜和镍的冶炼。 （2）转炉炼钢煤气爆炸事故：指煤气在短时间内受热，体积迅速膨胀在极短的时间内释放出大量的能量而爆炸 （3）转炉炼钢钢水外泄漏事故：指钢水从钢包中意外流出。 （4）转炉炼钢喷溅事故： 指在炼钢过程中，熔池内碳氧反应不均衡发展，瞬时产生大量的CO气体，使钢水从钢包中喷出。 （5）转炉炼钢中其他事故：指一些非正规操作下的事故。 关键词： 事故 分析 处理 Abstract BOF number of accidents directly affect the lives and safety of staff and the economic benefits of steel. Previous experience and application of modern instrumental analysis to identify the accident laws dealing with accidents, combined with BOF steelmaking process conditions, proposed treatment and preventive measures. Following is a question about the BOF: (1) BOF: is molten iron, scrap steel, iron alloy as the main raw material, without the aid of external energy, by itself, the physical hot liquid iron and liquid iron heat chemical reaction between components in the converter steelmaking process completed. Converter is divided into acidic and alkaline by refractory, gas blown into the furnace at the site of a top blowing, bottom blowing and side-blown; by gas type for the sub-air converter and oxygen converter. Basic oxygen top blowing and top and bottom blowing converter because of its production speed, large output, a single furnace, high yield, low cost, less investment, as currently the most common steel-making equipment. Converter is mainly used for production of carbon steel, alloy steel and copper and nickel smelting. (2) BOF gas explosion: refers to the heated gas in a short period of time, the rapid expansion of volume in a very short period of time the release of large amounts of energy and explosion (3) outside the BOF steel spill: refe