【2015春走向高考】高三英语一轮复习课件 人教版（课标卷地区）：解题策略11.pptVIP

主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中不可缺少的阅读题型之一，而且难度比较大。此类题目跟文章的主题有关，因此准确把握文章的大意对于提高解题的速度和准确率就显得格外重要。 (一)主旨大意类 1．主题句定位法 有些文章有明确的主题句，对于这类文章寻找主题句多采用浏览法(skimming)。浏览意味着不用逐句细看，只选读文章的首段、尾段，或每段的首句和尾句等，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。主题句的位置一般有以下几种： (1)主题句出现在文首。开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想，这是英语中最常见的演绎法写作方式。新闻报道通常就采用这种写法。新闻报道的首句通常称为“新闻导语”，“导语”实际上就是所谓的主题句，是对全文内容的高度概括。 (2)主题句出现在文末。在表述细节后，归纳要点以概括主题，这是英语中最常见的归纳法写作方式。 (3)主题句首尾呼应。为突出主题，作者先提出主题，结尾时再次点出主题，这种首尾呼应的写作方式也较为常见。通常，前后表述主题的句子不是简单的重复，后面的表述往往是进一步的引申或发展。 (4)主题句出现在文章的中间。通常前面只提出问题，文中的主题由提问后陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出，而后又作进一步的解释、支撑或发展。这种写法较为少见。 [典例1](2014·辽宁·C篇) Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation? UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true:_trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”． ... “We didnt take any notice of it，” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future. 32．What would be the best title for the passage? A．Old Trees Communicate Like Humans B．Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection C．Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think D．Trees Contribute To Our Society 答案：C　本文是一篇说明文。树比我们大多数人曾经想象的都要复杂，树通过合作和支持，通过营养传递来生存。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段第一句“UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined”可知全文主题：树比我们大多数人曾经想象的都要复杂。故选C。 2．主题归纳法 有些文章没有明确的主题句，主题句隐含在全文之中，这种写作方法是最令考生感到头痛的。在这种情况下，考生要把所有的细节综合起来，进行逻辑推理，概括归纳出主题句，要特别注意那些反复出现的观点和词语，找出这些相同或相似的词语，文章主题就很明显了。 [典例2](2014·四川·D篇)．.. All human beings possess a body clock. Along with other alerting (警报)systems, this govern