村民自治影响因素存在问题解决途径及其意义.doc

村民自治：影响因素、存在问题、解决途径及其意义 摘　　要 村民自治是我国基层民主的重要组成部分，是农民“民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督”的重要的自我管理形式。现阶段，我国的村民自治制度已基本建立，但还存在着些许的问题。人们对农民和农村自治存在着认识上的误区，往往以农村自治过程中产生的村民政治素质欠缺、农村经济发展水平低、农村宗族势力对农村权力的控制为借口否定村民自治。对此，我们要理性地分析，逐渐推动农村民主的进步。要在解决村两委班子矛盾、国家行政权与农村自治权之间的矛盾、村务不公开等方面做出制度上和观念上的调整，以培养村民的参与意识、公共精神，维护整个社会的安定，促进中国的民主化进程。 关键词：村民自治；乡村民主；中国的民主政治；乡镇政府 The villagers autonomy: influence factors、problems、solutions and its significanceABSTRACT Coupled with an important part of democracy of the grass-roots level,the villagers autonomy is a kind of important farmers democratic elections, democratic decision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision form of self management. At present, the villager autonomy system in our country has basically established, but also exists some problems. People also have some misunderstandings for farmers and the rural autonomous , who is often deny the villager autonomy with the excuse of the villagers lacking political quality, the low level of rural economic development, and the countryside clans power control forces,which produce in the process of rural autonomous .To this, we have to analysis rationally and gradually promote rural democratic to further. In order to solve these problems ,we have to take a close look at the contradictions of the villages two committees , the contradictions of state executive and village autonomy, village affairs public and its like. We have better make adjustment of system and idea, which will cultivate the public spirit of villager , maintain the whole societys stability, and promote Chinas democratization process. Key words：The villagers autonomyVillage democracy;Chinas democratic politics;Township government 村民自治制度是当前我国农村治理的基本制度，它是伴随着农村经济体制改革而出现的乡村治理体制。它的出现弥补了由于人民公社制度解体而导致的农村管理真空，重建了基层权威。如果从1987年《中华人民共和国村民委员会组织法（试行）》 的颁布算起，村民自治作为国家法定制度已20多年。经过20多年的发展演进，中国村民自治的运行机制已基本建立，并深深的影响着亿万农民的政治实践和日常行为。但从实际的运行状况来看，还存在很多的问题；人们对村民自治还有一些思想认识上的误区，这些障碍严重束缚了村民自治制度的常态运行与完善。本文通过对村民自治的具体分析，试图说明村民自治虽受经济、政治、文化、社会等因素的影响，但这些因素并不是决定性的，而实