第18单元主谓一致.doc

第18单元 主谓一致 主谓一致的意义主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的一致，即句中谓语的形式要根 据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。 主谓一致的基本原则The number of errors was surpring.(语法一致)The committee are unable to reach a decision.(意义一致)Either my sisters or my father is coming.(就近原则) 三、主谓一致的情况 主语是一个抽象概念或从句做主语时，谓语单词用单数。 Collecting stamps is my favourite hobby.(动名词短语做主语)To study hard is your duty now.(不定式做主语)That we have made such progress is a fact.(从句做主语) what或which引导的主语从句的句子，谓语动词/系动词与表语的数一致。 What I want is a new bicycle.What mother bought are some books.妈妈买的是一些书。 两个以上的主语用and或both连接时，谓语用复数形式。 Both Tom and Dick are good students. 4、当主语包含有and时，如它表示一个单一概念，谓语用单数，否则用复数。 A singer and dancer was present at the party today.一位歌舞演员A singer and a dancer were present at the party today. 一位歌手和一位舞蹈家 5、集体名词如family,class,team,group,committee(委员会),audience(听众)等作为整体意义时，谓语用单数，如指成员意义时，谓语用复数。 Class One is likely to win.Class One were all there when the door opened. 当门打开时，一班的人都在那里。 6、主语是单数，尽管后面跟有as well as, with, together with, like, but, except等短语时，谓语还是单数形式。 Kelly as well as the other students has learned how to type.Our school, with some few schools, was built in the 1960s. 我们学校和不少学校都于20世纪60年代 7、两个主语由not only…but also, either…or, neither…nor,or连接时，谓语通常和最邻近的主语一致。 Not only my parents but also my teacher has been to the party.Either he or I am to go there.不是他就是我要去那里。 8、people,police,cattle(牛群)，militia(民兵)做主语时，谓语用复数。 The police are still running after the murderer.The cattle are grazing(放牧)in the fields.9、half of+单数名词时，谓语用单数形式；half of+复数名词时，谓语用复数。 Half of the apple is rotten(腐烂).Half of the apples are rotten.一半的苹果都烂了。 10、书名、国名等名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式。 Hamlet was written by Shakespeare.The United States is a large country.每过是一个大国。 11、each，either, neither做代词主语时，谓语动词用单数，both做代词主语时，谓语用复数；none接不可数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数，接可数名词复数时谓语单复数均可。 Each of the students has a bicycle.Either of them is an artist.他们中有一个是艺术家。 12、the+形容词表示某一类人做主语时，谓语用复数。 The rich are not always happy though they have much money.13、成对名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式，需要用冠词时只用一个。 A knife and fork is on the table.Success and failure