商务英语综合教程IV(第三版)Unit6.doc

Unit 6 Transportation and Shipment Related Information 1. Ship Structure Ships are the conveyances running at sea. There are largesize and smallsize ships. However, their structures are almost the same. They are mainly composed of shell, frame, deck, holds and tanks, and the superstructure. 2. Ship Types There are many types of ships that transport cargoes at sea. According to their use, the cargo ships can be divided into dry cargo ships and tankers. Dry Cargo Ship According to the loaded cargo, structure and components, dry cargo ships can be divided into such as follows: ① General cargo ship General cargo ships refer to the ships that run termly in the busy cargotransporting shipping lines and mainly transport grocery. The speed of these ships is fast. ② Bulk cargo ship Bulk cargo ships refer to the ships that transport bulk cargoes without packaging. According to the types of transported cargoes, bulk cargo ships can be divided into grain ships, colliers and ore ships. ③ Refrigerated ship Refrigerated ships refer to the special ships for transporting refrigerant cargoes that are perishable. There are refrigeration systems in the ships, and the temperature in the ship can be set to meet the requirements of cargoes in each floor. ④ Container ship Container ships can be divided into partial container ships, complete or full container ships and variable or convertible container ships. ⑤ Roll on/roll off ship Rolling loading ships are mainly for transporting cars and containers. Loading devices are not necessary for these ships. Usually, uncorked slope is installed on the side or in either end of the ship to join the ship to the dock. While loading and unloading cargoes, cars or trail cars can directly drive into or out of the ship cabins. Tanker ① Oil Tanker is a cargo ship designed to carry crude oil in bulk ② Liquefied natural gas carrier is a cargo ship designed specially to carry liquefied natural gas. 3. Ship Tonnage