分析化学专业英语-02.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * I see. (我明白了) Here are the principal naming conventions for ionic compounds, along with examples to show how they are used: 以下是离子化合物的基本命名规则，并通过实例来演示其用法： I see. (我明白了) Roman Numerals (罗马数字)A Roman numeral in parentheses, followed by the name of the element, is used for elements that can form more than one positive ion. 元素名称后面的圆括号中的罗马数字被用于表示能形成多于一个的正离子的元素。 I see. (我明白了) This is usually seen with metals. You can use a chart to see the possible valences for the elements. 该法往往用于金属。你可以列出一个表来显示这些元素的可能的化合价。 I see. (我明白了) Fe2+ Iron (II) Cu+ Copper (I) Fe3+ Iron (III) Cu2+ Copper (II) I see. (我明白了) -ous and -icAlthough Roman numerals are used to denote the ionic charge of cations, it is still common to see and use the endings -ous or -ic. 尽管罗马数字被用来指示阳离子的离子电荷，使用-ous或者-ic后缀的情况也较常见。 I see. (我明白了) These endings are added to the Latin name of the element (e.g., stannous/stannic for tin) to represent the ions with lesser or greater charge, respectively. 这些后缀被添加到元素的拉丁名称中（例如，二价锡和四价锡）来分别表示具有较少和较多电荷的离子。 I see. (我明白了) The Roman numeral naming convention has wider appeal because many ions have more than two valences. 由于很多离子的价态大于2，罗马数字命名法更受青睐。 I see. (我明白了) Fe2+ Ferrous Cu+ Cuprous Fe3+ Ferric Cu2+ Cupric I see. (我明白了) -ideThe -ide ending is added to the name of a monoatomic ion of an element. -ide后缀被添加到元素的单原子离子名称中。 I see. (我明白了) H- Hydride S2- Sulfide F- Fluoride N3- Nitride O2- Oxide P3- Phosphide I see. (我明白了) -ite and -ateSome polyatomic anions contain oxygen. These anions are called oxyanions. 一些多原子阴离子含有氧。这些阴离子被称为氧离子。 I see. (我明白了) When an element forms two oxyanions, the one with less oxygen is given a name ending in -ite and the one with more oxgyen is given a name that ends in -ate. 如果一种元素形成两种氧离子，含氧少的氧离子的名称以-ite为后缀，含氧多的氧离子的名称则以-ate为后缀。 I see. (我明白了) NO2- Nitrite SO32- Sulfite NO3- Nitrate SO42- Sulfate I see. (我明白了) hypo-