Translation Industry in Taiwan in the Context of Globalization.docVIP

Translation Industry in Taiwan in the Context of Globalization—Facing the Development of Professional Translation and Master of Translation and Interpretation Oscar Chun-hung LIN National Taiwan Normal University Part I Introduction: Discrepancy in Translation Degrees across the Strait The focus of translation studies and translation theories has shifted for many times. The “word-for-word” and “sense-for-sense” debate dominated the field till the second half of the twentieth century. Since 1950s and 1960s, linguistic-oriented approaches arose, followed by concepts such as text type and functionalism in 1970s to 1980s. The “cultural turn” in 1980s and 1990s brought in concepts from cultural studies and sociology, making translation studies a more comprehensive field. However, related departments and graduate institutes are still mainly listed under the college of liberal arts. This categorization causes limitation to the research methods and perspectives, and the texts studied are also mainly literary works. Even when the topic to be investigated is the status quo of translation industry, the publishing of literary works still holds a significant part of discussion. However, as translation studies gradually become a field of its own, instead of being a branch of linguistic/literary departments, the dimensions covered by translation studies also expanded. James S. Holmes’s influential article “The name and nature of translation studies” (Holmes, 1972/2000) proposed an overall framework of what translation studies cover, which then presented as figure by Gideon Toury. (See Fig. 1) Figure 1 Holmes’s “map” of translation studies (Toury, 1995, p. 10) Among these branches, the “pure” translation studies at the left-hand side have prospered in recent years in the academic circle, and they also took about two-third of the original length of the article, suggesting that they were emphasized back then. However, as the translation industry has been flourishing recently, the