the UK-nit 3 History.docVIP

The United Kingdom: A Survey 2013 Unit 3 History What is the impact of the British Empire on world history? Prehistoric times: the Iberians Early men came from the European continent and settled leaving behind tools dating back to the lower Paleolithic (early Stone Age) around 700,000 years ago. Stone circles, tombs and tools from the Neolithic Age (which began from around 4,400 BC) have been found all over the British Isles. The Stonehenge near Salisbury was an ancient temple built in several stages between about 3,000 BC and 1,300 BC. Prehistoric times: the Celts The Celts were tribes that invaded from Europe after about 800 BC. They had covered most of the British Isles by 500 BC. The Celts were highly skilled craftspeople with developed knowledge of how to make stronger weapons and tools with iron: the start of the Iron Age. The Celts living in Britain were known as Britons. Roman Britain British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion. Julius Caesar invaded Britain in 55 BC and the successful invasion took place in the summer of AD 43, headed by the Emperor Claudius. The Romans occupied Britain for nearly 400 years. However, they never conquered Britain completely. The Roman impact upon the Britons includes Christianity, words with Latin origins, Roman numbers, the solar calendar, laws, and a legal system. Anglo-Saxon Britain Angles, Saxons and Jutes, three Germanic tribes from the northwestern Europe, invaded England in about AD 449. In the 7th century, they developed seven separate kingdoms known as the Heptarchy (七王国) in the so-called “Angle-land” (England), and established the English language now referred to as Old English. King Arthur was a legendary British leader of the late 5th and early 6th centuries, who is believed to lead the defence of Romano[r?`mɑ:n??]-Celtic Britain against Saxon invaders in the early 6th century. He is said to have led the Knights of the Round Table at Camelot (卡默洛特,英国传说中亚瑟王的宫殿所在之地). Arthur’s The Anglo-Saxons laid