EgWevealreadyreadthebook.我们已经看过这本书了。.ppt

* Eg: We’ve already read the book . 我们已经看过这本书了。 They have known each other . 他们彼此已认识了。 I haven’t swept the floor yet.我还没扫地。 ①表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 常用的时间状语有already , yet , by the time , just, so far ever since 等。 ②表示过去有过某种经历或经验. 常用的时间状语有：often , even , once , twice , before , ever since .等. Eg: I have been to Beijing twice . This is the most expensive meal I have ever had . It’s the first time that I have visited the factory . ? 表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用。常见的有： ①for + 一段时间； eg: for three minutes , for thirty years ②since + 某一时间点 eg: since September , since nine o’clock this morning ③since + 从句（用一般过去时） eg: They have known each other since they were boys . 1.Have (has)been to / have (has) gone to have (has)gone to 表示某人去了某地，不在说话的地方； have (has) been to 强调去过某地。 Eg: He has been to Hawaii twice .他到过夏威夷两次。(人已回来了) She has gone to Shanghai .她到上海去了。（她可能已在去上海的路上或已到上海了。） 2.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别 一般过去时只单纯表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系； 现在完成时表示某一完成动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。 1)当有一个表示过去的时间状语, 如: last year , two days ago , yesterday , just now等时，不能用现在完成时而多用一般过去时。 Eg: When did he leave ? We weren’t in last night . She often came to help me When we were very young . 2)当有一个表示到现在为止这段时间的状语如recently , this month , these days , so far , up till now 以及since引导的表示时间的状语从句时一般用现在完成时。 Eg: We have learned a lot since we came to this school . 3)在用already , yet , just , ever , never这类副词作状语时，常用现在完成时。 Eg: I have never heard of that before . 4)单纯谈过去的动作，不涉及它对现在的影响时，用一般过去时。若谈一件已发生的事，主要考虑它对现在的影响，用现在完成时。 Eg: What did you have for your lunch ? Have you had your lunch ? 5)有些时间状语，如this morning , tonight , this month等，可用于现在完成时或一般过去时，但它们表达的意义不一样。用于现在完成时则包括“现在”在内，而用于一般过去时则与现在无关。 Eg: I have read this story this April .我今年四月份看过这个故事了。（讲话时仍然是四月份） I read this story this April . 我今年四月份看的这个故事。（讲话时四月份已过） I have written two letters this morning .今天上午我写了两封信。（讲话时仍是上午） I wrote two letters this morning . 今天上午我写了两封信。（讲话时已是下午或晚上） 用动词的正确形式填空。 1.A:Do you want a pen