转塔刀架机械CAD图纸设计及相关技术研究.doc

转塔刀架设计及相关技术研究 摘要：数控转塔刀架作为衡量一台车床好坏的核心功能部件之一,其性能的优劣,直接影响着车床的加工精度和加工效率。但是,由于现有普遍使用的伺服电机低速扭矩特性不好,所以在使用时必须使用减速齿轮机构来满足转塔刀架在低速旋转时所产生的大扭矩。而直接传动装置是由电机不通过中间齿轮而直接驱动负载,减少了中间的动力传动环节。直驱电机相对于传统的伺服电机的优点是：能在低速旋转时输出很大扭矩,从而可以不通过减速齿轮而直接驱动低速生产设备,有很高的社会实际应用价值。为了简化数控转塔刀架结构、大幅度地提高其综合性能,本论文将这种技术应用于数控转塔刀架上。本论文的主要研究内容如下: 第一、了解数控转塔刀架的国内外研究现状,研究国内外各种刀架的机械结构,分析直驱伺服电机和其他伺服电机相比的优点以及其驱动刀架的可行性。 第二、根据直驱伺服电机自身的结构和功能特点,设计一种直驱数控卧式转塔刀架。并对其进行设计,包括转位机构、定位机构、密封装置、控制装置等。 第三、对转塔刀架的松开与锁紧机构进行设计,主要是对转塔刀架的液压缸缸体进行设计,计算液压缸的相关参数。 第四、对数控转塔刀架进行二维建模,首先用二维软件Autocad对其进行各个关键件的绘制，然后按照装配关系把转塔刀架装配起来，经过验证合格后，可用作零件图交付工厂实施加工。 关键词：数控；转塔刀架；伺服电机；永磁同步交流伺服电机  design of Turret tool post and study of related technologies Abstract：CNC turret pagoda as one of the core features of a lathe to measure the quality of its performance directly affects the machining precision and efficiency of the lathe. With the development of technology and servo motors, servo motors gradually replaced the traditional coarse positioning CNC turret on signal transmission and other devices, greatly simplifies the turret structure, greatly improving the reliability of the knife holder, and significantly reducing tool change time and improve the overall performance of the tool holder. However, since the conventional servo motors commonly used in low-speed torque characteristics well, so when using the reduction gear mechanism must be used to meet the high torque at low speed turret rotation generated. Drive the motor unit directly is not directly driven by the intermediate gear and load, reducing the intermediate power transmission link. Direct drive motor with respect to the advantages of traditional servo motor is: can output a large torque at low speed, there by directly driving low-speed production equipment without going through reduction gear, has a high social value of practical application. In order to simplify the structure of CNC turret, greatly improve their overall performance, this paper will apply the technology on CNC turret. The main cont