樱桃不同砧木抗寒性比较总结.docVIP

樱桃不同砧木抗寒性比较 05级生科2班 周有文 指导教师：呼丽萍 摘要：为了掌握樱桃不同砧木抗寒性的差异，采用人工低温胁迫法，在-16℃的条件下对6种樱桃砧木1 年生休眠枝条胁迫12h，测定其相对电导率等8项生理指标。结果显示6个测试砧木的相对电导率为47.45%~81.85%，可溶性糖含量为2.297mg/g~8.451mg/g，游离脯氨酸含量为2.387μg/g~4.847μg/g，丙二醛的含量为15.621μg/g~29.938μg/g，超氧化物歧化酶酶活为12.677U/g~171.478U/g，过氧化氢酶酶活为4.987mgH2O2/g~12.693mgH2O2/g，过氧化物酶的酶活为0.127△O.D./mg/min ~0.586△O.D./mg/min，经方差分析表明：6种砧木的8项测定指标差异均达极显著水平，以马扎德(Mazzard)抗寒性最好，北京砧木、莱阳矮樱桃、毛樱桃次之，四川砧木和考特(colt)较差。 Comparison on the Cold Resistance of Different Cherry Rootstocks Zhou Youwen (School of Life Science and Chemistry, TianShui Normol Unversity, Tianshui, Gansu ,741001) Abstract: The use of artificial methods of indoor low-temperature stress, six kinds of 1-year-old dormant shoots of cherry rootstocks were treated under the low temperature -16 ℃ for 12h, and determinated its relative conductivity of eight indicators, etc. The relative conductivity was 81.85%~47.45%, soluble sugar content was 2.297mg/g~8.451mg/g, free proline content was 2.387μg/g~4.847μg/g, malondialdehyde content was 15.621μg/g~29.938μg/g, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was 12.677U/g~171.478U/g, catalase (CAT) activity was 4.987mgH2O2/g~12.693mgH2O2/g, peroxidase (POD) activity was 0.127△O.D./mg/min~0.586△O.D./mg/min, indicators above reach significant levels by the analysis of variance. The results showed that: amongst the six kinds of stock, Mazzard has the best cold tolerance ability, followed by Beijing rootstock, Laiyang dwarf cherries, Prunus tomentosa, and Sichuan and Court rootstock (colt) were the worst. Key words: cherry rootstocks; physiological indicators; cold resistance 抗寒性是植物对低温寒冷环境长期适应中通过本身的遗传变异和自然选择获得的一种抗寒能力。果树对零下低温主要来自两个方面的适应性变化，一是细胞膜体系稳定性的提高二是脱水能力加强和避免细胞内结冰。多年来，前人从不同侧面对果树抗寒性进行了深入研究，取得了很大进展[1]。宋洪伟等[2]对114个苹果品种资源的抗寒性进行了研究，发现田间枝条的自然冻害主要不是发生在极端低温出现的1月份，而是在气温回升的2月份以后，各品种随休眠的解除和气温的逐渐升高，抗寒性逐渐降低。刘威生等[3]发现36个李品种的抗寒性表现出丰富的多样性，且多数李品种对低温的适应能力较强，起源地的生态条件与品种的抗寒性密切相关。同样，杏品种资源[4]、葡萄野生种质资源[5]等树种的抗寒性也有人研究。因此，对果树种质资源抗寒性的研究可以为优良品种的区域化栽培和抗寒育种提供理论依据。 果树的抗寒性是指果树作物